Click
here to close Hello! We notice that
you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Echinobase
and may cause the site to display incorrectly. We suggest using a
current version of Chrome,
FireFox,
or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Specification of the primordial germ cells (PGCs) is essential for sexually reproducing animals. Although the mechanisms of PGC specification are diverse between organisms, the RNA binding protein Nanos is consistently required in the germ line in all species tested. How Nanos is selectively expressed in the germ line, however, remains largely elusive. We report that in sea urchin embryos, the early expression of Nanos2 in the PGCs requires the maternal Wnt pathway. During gastrulation, however, Nanos2 expression expands into adjacent somatic mesodermal cells and this secondary Nanos expression instead requires Delta/Notch signaling through the forkhead family member FoxY. Each of these transcriptional regulators were tested by chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis and found to directly interact with a DNA locus upstream of Nanos2. Given the conserved importance of Nanos in germ line specification, and the derived character of the micromeres and small micromeres in the sea urchin, we propose that the ancestral mechanism of Nanos2 expression in echinoderms was by induction in mesodermal cells during gastrulation.
Andrikou,
Myogenesis in the sea urchin embryo: the molecular fingerprint of the myoblast precursors.
2013, Pubmed,
Echinobase
Andrikou,
Myogenesis in the sea urchin embryo: the molecular fingerprint of the myoblast precursors.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Andrikou,
Logics and properties of a genetic regulatory program that drives embryonic muscle development in an echinoderm.
2015,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Aramaki,
A mesodermal factor, T, specifies mouse germ cell fate by directly activating germline determinants.
2013,
Pubmed
Asaoka-Taguchi,
Maternal Pumilio acts together with Nanos in germline development in Drosophila embryos.
1999,
Pubmed
Cameron,
Lineage and fate of each blastomere of the eight-cell sea urchin embryo.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Cameron,
Macromere cell fates during sea urchin development.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Campanale,
Migration of sea urchin primordial germ cells.
2014,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Carlsson,
Forkhead transcription factors: key players in development and metabolism.
2002,
Pubmed
Chatfield,
Stochastic specification of primordial germ cells from mesoderm precursors in axolotl embryos.
2014,
Pubmed
Cui,
Specific functions of the Wnt signaling system in gene regulatory networks throughout the early sea urchin embryo.
2014,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Dalby,
Discrete sequence elements control posterior pole accumulation and translational repression of maternal cyclin B RNA in Drosophila.
1993,
Pubmed
Donoughe,
BMP signaling is required for the generation of primordial germ cells in an insect.
2014,
Pubmed
Ewen-Campen,
The molecular machinery of germ line specification.
2010,
Pubmed
Fresques,
Nodal induces sequential restriction of germ cell factors during primordial germ cell specification.
2018,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Fujii,
Role of the nanos homolog during sea urchin development.
2009,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Gustafson,
Post-translational regulation by gustavus contributes to selective Vasa protein accumulation in multipotent cells during embryogenesis.
2011,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Gustavson,
Tcf binding sequence and position determines beta-catenin and Lef-1 responsiveness of MMP-7 promoters.
2004,
Pubmed
Johnson,
Primordial germ cells: the first cell lineage or the last cells standing?
2015,
Pubmed
Juliano,
Nanos functions to maintain the fate of the small micromere lineage in the sea urchin embryo.
2010,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Juliano,
A conserved germline multipotency program.
2010,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Kadyrova,
Translational control of maternal Cyclin B mRNA by Nanos in the Drosophila germline.
2007,
Pubmed
Lai,
Xenopus Nanos1 is required to prevent endoderm gene expression and apoptosis in primordial germ cells.
2012,
Pubmed
Lai,
Repressive translational control in germ cells.
2013,
Pubmed
Larschan,
MSL complex is attracted to genes marked by H3K36 trimethylation using a sequence-independent mechanism.
2007,
Pubmed
Logan,
Nuclear beta-catenin is required to specify vegetal cell fates in the sea urchin embryo.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Luo,
Opposing nodal and BMP signals regulate left-right asymmetry in the sea urchin larva.
2012,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Luo,
Xenopus germline nanos1 is translationally repressed by a novel structure-based mechanism.
2011,
Pubmed
Magnúsdóttir,
A tripartite transcription factor network regulates primordial germ cell specification in mice.
2013,
Pubmed
Martindale,
A developmental perspective: changes in the position of the blastopore during bilaterian evolution.
2009,
Pubmed
Materna,
A comprehensive analysis of Delta signaling in pre-gastrular sea urchin embryos.
2012,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Materna,
Notch and Nodal control forkhead factor expression in the specification of multipotent progenitors in sea urchin.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Montross,
A beta-catenin/engrailed chimera selectively suppresses Wnt signaling.
2000,
Pubmed
Murata,
Binding of pumilio to maternal hunchback mRNA is required for posterior patterning in Drosophila embryos.
1995,
Pubmed
Nakamura,
Less is more: specification of the germline by transcriptional repression.
2008,
Pubmed
Ohguro,
Involvement of Delta and Nodal signals in the specification process of five types of secondary mesenchyme cells in embryo of the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus.
2011,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Oliveri,
Activation of pmar1 controls specification of micromeres in the sea urchin embryo.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Oliveri,
A regulatory gene network that directs micromere specification in the sea urchin embryo.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Oulhen,
Differential Nanos 2 protein stability results in selective germ cell accumulation in the sea urchin.
2016,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Oulhen,
Every which way--nanos gene regulation in echinoderms.
2014,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Oulhen,
Transient translational quiescence in primordial germ cells.
2017,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Oulhen,
The 3'UTR of nanos2 directs enrichment in the germ cell lineage of the sea urchin.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Peng,
Differential regulation of disheveled in a novel vegetal cortical domain in sea urchin eggs and embryos: implications for the localized activation of canonical Wnt signaling.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Range,
Integration of canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling pathways patterns the neuroectoderm along the anterior-posterior axis of sea urchin embryos.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Ransick,
Postembryonic segregation of the germ line in sea urchins in relation to indirect development.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Sato,
Maternal Nanos represses hid/skl-dependent apoptosis to maintain the germ line in Drosophila embryos.
2007,
Pubmed
Seydoux,
Pathway to totipotency: lessons from germ cells.
2006,
Pubmed
Song,
The forkhead transcription factor FoxY regulates Nanos.
2012,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Sonoda,
Recruitment of Nanos to hunchback mRNA by Pumilio.
1999,
Pubmed
Stepicheva,
microRNAs regulate β-catenin of the Wnt signaling pathway in early sea urchin development.
2015,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Swartz,
Deadenylase depletion protects inherited mRNAs in primordial germ cells.
2014,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Tanaka,
Study of the Lineage and Cell Cycle of Small Micromeres in Embryos of the Sea Urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus: (small micromeres/cell cycle/cell lineage/unequal cleavage/sea urchin).
1990,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Towbin,
Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications.
1979,
Pubmed
van Beest,
Sequence-specific high mobility group box factors recognize 10-12-base pair minor groove motifs.
2000,
Pubmed
Voronina,
Vasa protein expression is restricted to the small micromeres of the sea urchin, but is inducible in other lineages early in development.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Weitzel,
Differential stability of beta-catenin along the animal-vegetal axis of the sea urchin embryo mediated by dishevelled.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Wessel,
The biology of the germ line in echinoderms.
2014,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Wharton,
RNA regulatory elements mediate control of Drosophila body pattern by the posterior morphogen nanos.
1991,
Pubmed
Wreden,
Nanos and pumilio establish embryonic polarity in Drosophila by promoting posterior deadenylation of hunchback mRNA.
1997,
Pubmed
Wu,
Cancer. Germ cell genes and cancer.
2010,
Pubmed
Yajima,
Small micromeres contribute to the germline in the sea urchin.
2011,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Yajima,
Piwi regulates Vasa accumulation during embryogenesis in the sea urchin.
2014,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Yajima,
Autonomy in specification of primordial germ cells and their passive translocation in the sea urchin.
2012,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Yazaki,
Ca²⁺ influx-linked protein kinase C activity regulates the β-catenin localization, micromere induction signalling and the oral-aboral axis formation in early sea urchin embryos.
2015,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
