Click
here to close Hello! We notice that
you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Echinobase
and may cause the site to display incorrectly. We suggest using a
current version of Chrome,
FireFox,
or Safari.
PLoS One
2022 Jan 01;1712:e0278695. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278695.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Assessment of sediment porewater toxicity in Biscayne National Park with sea urchin (Lytechinus variegatus) embryos.
May LA
,
McDonald EM
,
Kothera RT
,
Toline CA
,
McDonough V
,
Moffitt ZJ
,
Miller CV
,
Woodley CM
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
The sea urchin embryo development toxicity test was used to investigate toxicity of the benthic substrate in Biscayne National Park (BISC). Twenty-five sites were selected based upon a high potential for anthropogenic stressor input (e. g., hydrocarbons, personal care products, nutrients, etc.) or proximity to coral reef habitats. We found that sediment interstitial water (porewater) was toxic to urchin embryos at 22 of 25 sites. Healthy sites included two coral reefs (Anniversary Reef and Marker 14 Reef) and Turkey Point Channel. Discrete areas of BISC have highly toxic sediments and the presence of sediment contaminants could negatively impact reproduction, growth and population density of benthic invertebrates, such as corals. Results of the sea urchin embryo development toxicity test can be used as a baseline assessment for monitoring improvements or degradation in ecosystem health and could be a valuable tool to investigate the suitability of degraded habitats for future reef restoration. Since the last comprehensive environmental assessment of BISC was performed in 1999, further investigation into the sources of toxicity at BISC is needed.
???displayArticle.pubmedLink???
36472988
???displayArticle.pmcLink???PMC9725154 ???displayArticle.link???PLoS One
Fig 2. Percent normal results of the sea urchin embryo development toxicity assay.Three of the 25 Biscayne National Park sites were not significantly different from the artificial seawater (ASW) control. Six sites were impacted (significantly different from the ASW control at p < 0.0001, designated with ‘+’ symbol). The remaining 16 sites were severely impacted (toxic) with mean percent normal development less than 20% (designated by ‘*’). SDS treatment (positive control) = 4 mg/L sodium dodecyl sulfate in ASW.
Fig 3. Map of Biscayne National Park sediment sampling sites with toxicity assay results.Non-impacted sites = green triangles; impacted sites = yellow triangles and toxic sites = red triangles. Mean percent normal sea urchin embryo development is in parentheses following the site name. Park boundary = solid green line. (Map source: National Park Service, public domain).
Fig 4. Percent sea urchin embryo development.The percent of normal, underdeveloped, arrested or malformed urchin embryos is presented for each of the Biscayne National Park sites. ASW = artificial seawater (negative control); SDS = 4 mg/L sodium dodecyl sulfate in ASW (positive control).
Fig 5. Representative sea urchin embryo images for each Biscayne National Park site.Magnification = 100x. All images are to scale.
Anselmo,
Early life developmental effects of marine persistent organic pollutants on the sea urchin Psammechinus miliaris.
2011, Pubmed,
Echinobase
Anselmo,
Early life developmental effects of marine persistent organic pollutants on the sea urchin Psammechinus miliaris.
2011,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Bielmyer,
The effects of metals on embryo-larval and adult life stages of the sea urchin, Diadema antillarum.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Caccia,
Spatial patterning of water quality in Biscayne Bay, Florida as a function of land use and water management.
2005,
Pubmed
Cakal Arslan,
Embryotoxic effects of nonylphenol and octylphenol in sea urchin Arbacia lixula.
2007,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Carr,
Influence of potentially confounding factors on sea urchin porewater toxicity tests.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Castro,
Concentration of trace metals in sediments and soils from protected lands in south Florida: background levels and risk evaluation.
2013,
Pubmed
Corinaldesi,
Sunscreen products impair the early developmental stages of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus.
2017,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
da Silva,
Toxicity of three emerging contaminants to non-target marine organisms.
2019,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Deblonde,
Emerging pollutants in wastewater: a review of the literature.
2011,
Pubmed
Downs,
Toxicopathological Effects of the Sunscreen UV Filter, Oxybenzone (Benzophenone-3), on Coral Planulae and Cultured Primary Cells and Its Environmental Contamination in Hawaii and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
2016,
Pubmed
Fent,
Ecotoxicology of human pharmaceuticals.
2006,
Pubmed
Fernández,
Combined toxicity of dissolved mercury with copper, lead and cadmium on embryogenesis and early larval growth of the Paracentrotus lividus sea-urchin.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Fijalkowski,
The presence of contaminations in sewage sludge - The current situation.
2017,
Pubmed
Gambardella,
Developmental abnormalities and changes in cholinesterase activity in sea urchin embryos and larvae from sperm exposed to engineered nanoparticles.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Gharred,
Assessment of the individual and mixture toxicity of cadmium, copper and oxytetracycline, on the embryo-larval development of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus.
2016,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Gilroy,
Behaviour of pharmaceuticals in spiked lake sediments - effects and interactions with benthic invertebrates.
2012,
Pubmed
Hamdoun,
Tolerance to biodegraded crude oil in marine invertebrate embryos and larvae is associated with expression of a multixenobiotic resistance transporter.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Manzo,
Embryotoxicity and spermiotoxicity of nanosized ZnO for Mediterranean sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Manzo,
Toxic effects of irgarol and diuron on sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus early development, fertilization, and offspring quality.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Marin,
Embryotoxicity of butyltin compounds to the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Perina,
Comparative toxicity of antifouling compounds on the development of sea urchin.
2011,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Pesando,
Biological targets of neurotoxic pesticides analysed by alteration of developmental events in the Mediterranean sea urchin, Paracentrotus lividus.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Saaristo,
Direct and indirect effects of chemical contaminants on the behaviour, ecology and evolution of wildlife.
2018,
Pubmed
Sidhu,
Sewage pollution in urban stormwater runoff as evident from the widespread presence of multiple microbial and chemical source tracking markers.
2013,
Pubmed
Suzuki,
Monohydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons influence spicule formation in the early development of sea urchins (Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus).
2015,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
