Trends Immunol 2023 Feb 01;442:129-145. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2022.12.002.

Gata6+ large peritoneal macrophages: an evolutionarily conserved sentinel and effector system for infection and injury.

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There are striking similarities between the sea urchin cavity macrophage-like phagocytes (coelomocytes) and mammalian cavity macrophages in not only their location, but also their behaviors. These cells are crucial for maintaining homeostasis within the cavity following a breach, filling the gap and functioning as a barrier between vital organs and the environment. In this review, we summarize the evolving literature regarding these Gata6+ large peritoneal macrophages (GLPMs), focusing on ontogeny, their responses to perturbations, including their rapid aggregation via coagulation, as well as scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domains and their potential roles in diseases, such as cancer. We challenge the 50-year old phenomenon of the 'macrophage disappearance reaction' (MDR) and propose the new term 'macrophage disturbance of homeostasis reaction' (MDHR), which may better describe this complex phenomenon.

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