Click
here to close Hello! We notice that
you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Echinobase
and may cause the site to display incorrectly. We suggest using a
current version of Chrome,
FireFox,
or Safari.
Török A
,
Browne MJG
,
Vilar JC
,
Patwal I
,
DuBuc TQ
,
Febrimarsa
,
Atcheson E
,
Frank U
,
Gornik SG
,
Flaus A
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Many animals achieve sperm chromatin compaction and stabilisation by replacing canonical histones with sperm nuclear basic proteins (SNBPs) such as protamines during spermatogenesis. Hydrozoan cnidarians and echinoid sea urchins lack protamines and have evolved a distinctive family of sperm-specific histone H2Bs (spH2Bs) with extended N termini rich in SPK(K/R) motifs. Echinoid sperm packaging is regulated by spH2Bs. Their sperm is negatively buoyant and fertilises on the sea floor. Hydroid cnidarians undertake broadcast spawning but their sperm properties are poorly characterised. We show that Hydractinia echinata and H. symbiolongicarpus sperm chromatin possesses higher stability than somatic chromatin, with reduced accessibility to transposase Tn5 integration and to endonucleases in vitro. In contrast, nuclear dimensions are only moderately reduced in mature Hydractinia sperm. Ectopic expression of spH2B in the background of H2B.1 knockdown results in downregulation of global transcription and cell cycle arrest in embryos, without altering their nuclear density. Taken together, SPKK-containing spH2B variants act to stabilise chromatin and silence transcription in Hydractinia sperm with only limited chromatin compaction. We suggest that spH2Bs could contribute to sperm buoyancy as a reproductive adaptation.
Ausió,
Histone H1 and evolution of sperm nuclear basic proteins.
1999, Pubmed
Ausió,
Histone H1 and evolution of sperm nuclear basic proteins.
1999,
Pubmed
Ausió,
The sperm nuclear basic proteins (SNBPs) of the sponge Neofibularia nolitangere: implications for the molecular evolution of SNBPs.
1997,
Pubmed
Bartolomé,
Electrophoresis of chromatin on nondenaturing agarose gels containing Mg2+. Self-assembly of small chromatin fragments and folding of the 30-nm fiber.
1995,
Pubmed
Buenrostro,
Transposition of native chromatin for fast and sensitive epigenomic profiling of open chromatin, DNA-binding proteins and nucleosome position.
2013,
Pubmed
Busslinger,
Synthesis of sperm and late histone cDNAs of the sea urchin with a primer complementary to the conserved 3' terminal palindrome: evidence for tissue-specific and more general histone gene variants.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Champroux,
Mammalian sperm nuclear organization: resiliencies and vulnerabilities.
2016,
Pubmed
Churchill,
'SPKK' motifs prefer to bind to DNA at A/T-rich sites.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Dorigo,
Chromatin fiber folding: requirement for the histone H4 N-terminal tail.
2003,
Pubmed
Frank,
The colonial cnidarian Hydractinia.
2020,
Pubmed
Green,
Phosphorylation of sea urchin sperm H1 and H2B histones precedes chromatin decondensation and H1 exchange during pronuclear formation.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Green,
Interaction of sperm histone variants and linker DNA during spermiogenesis in the sea urchin.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Green,
Histone phosphorylation during sea urchin development.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Hao,
The dynamics and regulation of chromatin remodeling during spermiogenesis.
2019,
Pubmed
Hill,
Core histone-DNA interactions in sea urchin sperm chromatin. The N-terminal tail of H2B interacts with linker DNA.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Khadake,
Condensation of DNA and chromatin by an SPKK-containing octapeptide repeat motif present in the C-terminus of histone H1.
1997,
Pubmed
Levitan,
Sperm limitation in the sea.
1995,
Pubmed
Logie,
Catalytic activity of the yeast SWI/SNF complex on reconstituted nucleosome arrays.
1997,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Lowary,
New DNA sequence rules for high affinity binding to histone octamer and sequence-directed nucleosome positioning.
1998,
Pubmed
Malik,
Recurrent evolution of DNA-binding motifs in the Drosophila centromeric histone.
2002,
Pubmed
Marzluff,
The sea urchin histone gene complement.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Okada,
Sperm chromatin structure: Insights from in vitro to in situ experiments.
2022,
Pubmed
Poccia,
Packaging and unpackaging the sea urchin sperm genome.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Pérez-Montero,
Germline-specific H1 variants: the "sexy" linker histones.
2016,
Pubmed
Rathke,
Chromatin dynamics during spermiogenesis.
2014,
Pubmed
Simpson,
Chromatin reconstituted from tandemly repeated cloned DNA fragments and core histones: a model system for study of higher order structure.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Suzuki,
SPKK, a new nucleic acid-binding unit of protein found in histone.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Suzuki,
Sea urchin protease specific to the SPKK motif in histone.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Suzuki,
An NMR study on the DNA-binding SPKK motif and a model for its interaction with DNA.
1993,
Pubmed
Taguchi,
A method for evaluating nucleosome stability with a protein-binding fluorescent dye.
2014,
Pubmed
Török,
Sperm Nuclear Basic Proteins of Marine Invertebrates.
2018,
Pubmed
Török,
The cnidarian Hydractinia echinata employs canonical and highly adapted histones to pack its DNA.
2016,
Pubmed
Ward,
DNA packaging and organization in mammalian spermatozoa: comparison with somatic cells.
1991,
Pubmed
Widom,
A relationship between the helical twist of DNA and the ordered positioning of nucleosomes in all eukaryotic cells.
1992,
Pubmed
