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RSC Adv
2021 May 27;1132:19813-19818. doi: 10.1039/d1ra03223b.
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Controllable preparation of sea urchin-like Au NPs as a SERS substrate for highly sensitive detection of the toxic atropine.
Qin Y
,
Wu Y
,
Wang B
,
Wang J
,
Zong X
,
Yao W
.
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Branched Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) can significantly enhance the Raman signal of trace chemical substances, and have attracted the interest of researchers. However, there are still challenges to accurately prepare the morphology of branched Au NPs. In this work, we have successfully prepared sea urchin-like Au NPs and Au nanowires by using the seed-mediate growth method, with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and glutathione as ligands, and ascorbic acid as a reducing agent. Using Au NPs with a tetrahexahedron (THH) morphology as seeds, and by simply changing the concentration of glutathione, we explored the growth process of sea urchin-like Au and Au nanowires. At low concentrations of glutathione, Au NPs will preferentially grow along the edges and corners of the THH Au seed, forming a core/satellite structure. As the concentration of glutathione increases, Au NPs will grow along the direction of glutathione, forming sea urchin-like Au NPs. To further increase the concentration of glutathione, we will prepare Au nanowires. In addition, we use the prepared Au NPs as a substrate material for surface-enhanced Raman (SERS) high-sensitivity detection. By using 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP) as the test molecule, we evaluated the SERS effect of the prepared Au NPs with different morphologies. The results showed that sea urchin-like Au NPs have the best enhancement effect. The lowest concentrations of Rhodamine 6G and 4-ATP were 10-10 M and 10-12 M, respectively, using sea urchin Au NPs as the base material. Furthermore, we conducted a highly sensitive SERS detection of the poison atropine monohydrate, and the lowest detected concentration was 10-10 M.
Fig. 1. SEM images of gold nanostructures prepared under different amount of glutathione in the growth solution; (A) 10 μL, (B) 50 μL, (C) 75 μL, (D) 100 μL, (E) 125 μL and (F) 150 μL.
Fig. 2. TEM images of gold nanostructures prepared under different amount of glutathione in the growth solution; (A) 10 μL, (B) 50 μL, (C) 75 μL, (D) 100 μL, (E) 125 μL and (F) 150 μL.
Fig. 3. Characterization of sea urchin-like gold crystals. (A) TEM image of Au crystal. (B) HRTEM image of Au crystals (C) HADDF-STEM image of gold crystals. (D) and (E) EDS elemental mapping of Au crystals indicating the Au and S elemental distribution.
Fig. 4. Characterization of willow-like gold crystals. (A) TEM image of Au crystal. (B) HRTEM image of Au crystals (C) HADDF-STEM image of gold crystals. (D) and (E) EDS elemental mapping of willow-like Au crystals indicating the Au and S elemental distribution.
Fig. 5. Raman spectra of willow-like Au NPs (green), gold nanoparticles with THH morphology (blue), small amount of spiny gold nanoparticles (black) and sea urchin-like gold nanoparticles (red) covered substrates.
Fig. 6. (A) SERS spectra of R6G at different concentrations, (B) SERS spectra of 4-ATP molecules at different concentrations, (C) SERS spectra of 20 different points of 4-ATP. (D) Graphs of the intensity of the peaks at 1085 cm−1 from 20 SERS spectra.
Fig. 7. (A) Molecular structures of atropine sulphate monohydrate, (B) Raman spectrum and SERS spectrum of atropine sulphate monohydrate powders, (C) SERS spectra of atropine sulphate monohydrate at different concentrations, (D) intensity of 1002 cm−1 as a function of the concentrations of atropine sulphate monohydrate.
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