Click
here to close Hello! We notice that
you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Echinobase
and may cause the site to display incorrectly. We suggest using a
current version of Chrome,
FireFox,
or Safari.
Differential Responses of Antioxidative System during the Interaction of Soursop Fruits (Annona muricata L.) and Nectria haematococca at Postharvest Storage.
Rubio-Melgarejo A
,
Balois-Morales R
,
Ochoa-Jiménez VA
,
Casas-Junco PP
,
Jiménez-Zurita JO
,
Bautista-Rosales PU
,
Berumen-Varela G
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Soursop fruit (Annona muricata L.) production is diminished by the attack of pathogens such as Nectria haematococca. However, the fruit-pathogen interaction at the biochemical and molecular levels is still unknown. The objective of this study was to analyze the response of the soursop fruit to the presence of N. haematococca during postharvest storage. Soursop fruits were inoculated with the pathogen and total phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity by Ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS•+), and 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•), as well as enzymatic activity and transcript levels of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were evaluated at 1, 3, and 5 days of storage. The noninoculated fruits were the controls of the experiment. The highest total phenol content was recorded on day one in the inoculated fruits. FRAP, ABTS, and DPPH activity presented the highest values on day three in the control fruits. Inoculated fruits recorded the highest PPO activity on day five and a five-fold induction in the PPO transcript on day three. SOD activity showed a decrease during the days of storage and 10-fold induction of SOD transcript on day three in the inoculated fruits. Principal component analysis showed that total phenols were the variable that contributed the most to the observed variations. Furthermore, a positive correlation between total phenols and SOD activity, PPO expression, and SOD expression, as well as between DPPH and FRAP, was recorded. The results showed a differential response in antioxidant capacity, enzymatic activity, and gene expression during the interaction of soursop fruits-N. haematococca at postharvest storage.
Figure 1. Content of total phenols (A), antioxidant capacity by the ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) (B), 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS•+) (C), and 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) (D). Different letters indicate significant differences according to Tukey’s multiple comparison test (p < 0.05). Highest mean values are described with the letter a. Vertical lines represent the standard deviation of the means.
Figure 2. Enzymatic activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) (A) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (B), as well as relative gene expression of PPO (C) and SOD (D) by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in soursop fruits at postharvest storage. Different letters indicate significant differences according to Tukey’s multiple comparison test (p < 0.05). Highest mean values are described with the letter a. Vertical lines represent the standard deviation of the means.
Figure 3. Principal component analysis (PCA) biplot (A) and correlation plot of the variables (B). The color indicates the contribution or the correlation of the variables.
Aritua,
Transcriptional and microscopic analyses of citrus stem and root responses to Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus infection.
2013, Pubmed
Aritua,
Transcriptional and microscopic analyses of citrus stem and root responses to Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus infection.
2013,
Pubmed
Beyer,
Assaying for superoxide dismutase activity: some large consequences of minor changes in conditions.
1987,
Pubmed
Bradford,
A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding.
1976,
Pubmed
Chandrasekaran,
Expression of PR-protein genes and induction of defense-related enzymes by Bacillus subtilis CBR05 in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants challenged with Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora.
2016,
Pubmed
Huan,
Potential role of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant genes in the regulation of peach fruit development and ripening.
2016,
Pubmed
Lightfoot,
The role of a cytosolic superoxide dismutase in barley-pathogen interactions.
2017,
Pubmed
Livak,
Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method.
2001,
Pubmed
Lu,
Transcript profiling analysis of Rhodosporidium paludigenum-mediated signalling pathways and defense responses in mandarin orange.
2015,
Pubmed
Miura,
Functional characterization and gene expression profiling of superoxide dismutase from plant pathogenic phytoplasma.
2012,
Pubmed
Mondal,
Oxidative stress and antioxidant systems in Guava (Psidium guajava L.) fruits during ripening.
2009,
Pubmed
Pedras,
The phytoalexins from cultivated and wild crucifers: chemistry and biology.
2011,
Pubmed
Pieterse,
Plant interactions with microbes and insects: from molecular mechanisms to ecology.
2007,
Pubmed
Prieto,
Browning in Annona cherimola fruit: role of polyphenol oxidase and characterization of a coding sequence of the enzyme.
2007,
Pubmed
Re,
Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay.
1999,
Pubmed
Sellés-Marchart,
Isolation of a latent polyphenol oxidase from loquat fruit (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.): kinetic characterization and comparison with the active form.
2006,
Pubmed
Spoel,
How do plants achieve immunity? Defence without specialized immune cells.
2012,
Pubmed
Wang,
Production, Signaling, and Scavenging Mechanisms of Reactive Oxygen Species in Fruit-Pathogen Interactions.
2019,
Pubmed
Zhang,
Effects of ozone treatment on SOD activity and genes in postharvest cantaloupe.
2020,
Pubmed
