Click
here to close Hello! We notice that
you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Echinobase
and may cause the site to display incorrectly. We suggest using a
current version of Chrome,
FireFox,
or Safari.
J Mol Evol
1987 Jan 01;252:126-33. doi: 10.1007/bf02101754.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Unusual sequence conservation in the 5'' and 3'' untranslated regions of the sea urchin spec mRNAs.
Hardin PE
,
Klein WH
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
The Spec1 and Spec2 mRNAs (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus ectoderm mRNAs) represent a small gene family that encodes 10-12 members of the troponin C superfamily of calcium-binding proteins. These mRNAs and proteins accumulate in the aboral (dorsal) ectoderm of sea urchin embryos and larvae. Using genomic and cDNA clones, we have compared the sequences of four Spec mRNAs: Spec1, Spec2a, Spec2c, and Spec2d. The mRNAs all have at least 120 bases of 5'' untranslated leader, approximately 450 bases of open reading frame, and 900 bases (Spec1) or 1250 bases (Spec2a, 2c, 2d) of 3'' untranslated trailer. Unexpectedly, when long stretches of 5'' untranslated regions or 3'' untranslated regions are compared to one another, they are found to be less divergent than the protein-coding regions. Comparing Spec2d, the most divergent member of the family, with the other Spec mRNAs shows that while the protein-coding regions are 60-62% matched, the untranslated regions are greater than 80% matched. Comparisons among Spec1, Spec2a, and Spec2c demonstrate similar but less dramatic conservation of untranslated regions. Our data imply that the Spec gene family has evolved differently from most gene families, with mutations accumulating most rapidly in intron regions, less rapidly in protein-coding regions, and least rapidly in 5'' and 3'' untranslated regions.
Birchmeier,
3' editing of mRNAs: sequence requirements and involvement of a 60-nucleotide RNA in maturation of histone mRNA precursors.
1984, Pubmed,
Echinobase
Birchmeier,
3' editing of mRNAs: sequence requirements and involvement of a 60-nucleotide RNA in maturation of histone mRNA precursors.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Britten,
Rates of DNA sequence evolution differ between taxonomic groups.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Bruskin,
Accumulation in embryogenesis of five mRNAs enriched in the ectoderm of the sea urchin pluteus.
1981,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Bruskin,
A family of proteins accumulating in ectoderm of sea urchin embryos specified by two related cDNA clones.
1982,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Carpenter,
Novel proteins belonging to the troponin C superfamily are encoded by a set of mRNAs in sea urchin embryos.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Carpenter,
The 3' untranslated regions of two related mRNAs contain an element highly repeated in the sea urchin genome.
1982,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Cox,
Cell lineage-specific programs of expression of multiple actin genes during sea urchin embryogenesis.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Fyrberg,
Transcripts of the six Drosophila actin genes accumulate in a stage- and tissue-specific manner.
1983,
Pubmed
Hardin,
Structure of the Spec1 gene encoding a major calcium-binding protein in the embryonic ectoderm of the sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Lagrimini,
A DNA sequence analysis package for the IBM personal computer.
1984,
Pubmed
Lopata,
Four unique genes required for beta tubulin expression in vertebrates.
1983,
Pubmed
Lynn,
Localization of a family of MRNAS in a single cell type and its precursors in sea urchin embryos.
1983,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Maxam,
Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages.
1980,
Pubmed
McGarry,
The preferential translation of Drosophila hsp70 mRNA requires sequences in the untranslated leader.
1985,
Pubmed
Morris,
Involvement of the 5'-leader sequence in coupling the stability of a human H3 histone mRNA with DNA replication.
1986,
Pubmed
Ponte,
Human actin genes are single copy for alpha-skeletal and alpha-cardiac actin but multicopy for beta- and gamma-cytoskeletal genes: 3' untranslated regions are isotype specific but are conserved in evolution.
1983,
Pubmed
Sanger,
DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors.
1977,
Pubmed
Shott,
Differential expression of the actin gene family of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Thireos,
5' untranslated sequences are required for the translational control of a yeast regulatory gene.
1984,
Pubmed
