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Mar Drugs
2022 Dec 28;211:. doi: 10.3390/md21010025.
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Therapeutic Potency of Ovothiol A on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Wistar Rats.
Salaheldin AT
,
Shehata MR
,
Sakr HI
,
Atia T
,
Mohamed AS
.
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Peptic ulcer is a widespread disease, with a lifetime frequency of 5−10% among the general population and an annual incidence of 0.1−0.3%. Ovothiol A is naturally produced from sea urchin eggs with special antioxidant activity. Gastric ulcers were induced in rats by a single ethanol dose (5 mL/kg). The rats were divided into control, ulcer, and ulcer with 250 and 500 mg/kg ovothiol A doses. Molecular docking studies were used to examine the interactions between ovothiol A and the H+/K+ ATPase active site residues. Ovothiol A led to a significant decline (p < 0.05) in gastric juice volume, ulcer index, MDA, IL-6, and cytochrome c, while levels of gastric juice pH, GSH, CAT, GST, SOD, and NO increased. Histopathological investigation of stomach sections revealed architecture preservation of the gastric mucosa after ovothiol A administration. The anti-ulcerogenic activity of ovothiol A includes scavenging free radicals, inhibition of inflammation, regulation of apoptosis, and stabilization of fibroblast growth factors to promote gastric ulcers healing.
Figure 1. The optimized structure of ovothiol A, the vector of the dipole moment, the natural charges on atoms and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surface by density function B3LYP/6-311G++ (dp).
Figure 2. HOMO and LUMO charge density maps of B3LYP/6-311G++ (dp).
Figure 3. The 2D and 3D molecular docking simulation studies of the interaction between ovothiol A with 1AFC. Hydrophobic interactions with amino acid residues are shown with dotted curves.
Figure 4. Stomachs of; control rat (A), ulcer rat (B), ovothiol A (250 mg/kg) rat (C) and ovothiol A (500 mg/kg) rat (D).
Figure 5. Stomach from control group (a) showing normal histological structure of stomach tissue that consisted of mucous epithelium covering gastric acini (H&E stain). Stomach from ulcer group showing destruction of the mucosal covering associated with extensive hemorrhage (b), and expansion of the submucosal layer with edema, and diffuse extensive hemorrhage (c). Stomach from ovothiol A (250 mg/kg) treated group showing apparently normal gastric mucosa (d) with mild to moderate submucosal edema and lowered number of mononuclear cells infiltration (e). stomach from ovothiol A (500 mg/kg) treated group showing apparently normal gastric mucosa (f) and few mononuclear cells infiltration with mild submucosal edema (g).
Figure 6. Histopathological score of stomachs of control, ulcer, ovothiol A (250 mg/kg) and (500 mg/kg). Data are expressed as the mean ± SE. a, b, c and d above the error bar indicate a significant difference.
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