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PeerJ
2016 Jan 01;4:e1876. doi: 10.7717/peerj.1876.
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What doesn''t kill them makes them stronger: an association between elongation factor 1-α overdominance in the sea star Pisaster ochraceus and "sea star wasting disease".
Wares JP
,
Schiebelhut LM
.
Abstract
In recent years, a massive mortality event has killed millions of sea stars, of many different species, along the Pacific coast of North America. This disease event, known as ''sea star wasting disease'' (SSWD), is linked to viral infection. In one affected sea star (Pisaster ochraceus), previous work had identified that the elongation factor 1-α locus (EF1A) harbored an intronic insertion allele that is lethal when homozygous yet appears to be maintained at moderate frequency in populations through increased fitness for heterozygotes. The environmental conditions supporting this increased fitness are unknown, but overdominance is often associated with disease. Here, we evaluate populations of P. ochraceus to identify the relationship between SSWD and EF1A genotype. Our data suggest that there may be significantly decreased occurrence of SSWD in individuals that are heterozygous at this locus. These results suggest further studies are warranted to understand the functional relationship between diversity at EF1A and survival in P. ochraceus.
Figure 1. Results from analysis of 8 individuals on 2% agarose gel following PCR amplification as noted in ‘Methods.’Fragments only vary by 6bp in length so gel must be run for ∼60 min under typical conditions (∼90–100 V). Heterozygotes are denoted ‘AB’ and homozygotes denoted ‘AA’ on gel image. Size standards are on left side of gel.
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