Click
here to close Hello! We notice that
you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Echinobase
and may cause the site to display incorrectly. We suggest using a
current version of Chrome,
FireFox,
or Safari.
BMC Microbiol
2024 Jan 04;241:11. doi: 10.1186/s12866-023-03161-9.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Spotting disease disrupts the microbiome of infected purple sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.
Shaw CG
,
Pavloudi C
,
Crow RS
,
Saw JH
,
Smith LC
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
BACKGROUND: Spotting disease infects a variety of sea urchin species across many different marine locations. The disease is characterized by discrete lesions on the body surface composed of discolored necrotic tissue that cause the loss of all surface appendages within the lesioned area. A similar, but separate disease of sea urchins called bald sea urchin disease (BSUD) has overlapping symptoms with spotting disease, resulting in confusions in distinguishing the two diseases. Previous studies have focus on identifying the underlying causative agent of spotting disease, which has resulted in the identification of a wide array of pathogenic bacteria that vary based on location and sea urchin species. Our aim was to investigate the spotting disease infection by characterizing the microbiomes of the animal surface and various tissues.
RESULTS: We collected samples of the global body surface, the lesion surface, lesioned and non-lesioned body wall, and coelomic fluid, in addition to samples from healthy sea urchins. 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced from the genomic DNA. Results show that the lesions are composed mainly of Cyclobacteriaceae, Cryomorphaceae, and a few other taxa, and that the microbial composition of lesions is the same for all infected sea urchins. Spotting disease also alters the microbial composition of the non-lesioned body wall and coelomic fluid of infected sea urchins. In our closed aquarium systems, sea urchins contracted spotting disease and BSUD separately and therefore direct comparisons could be made between the microbiomes from diseased and healthy sea urchins.
CONCLUSION: Results show that spotting disease and BSUD are separate diseases with distinct symptoms and distinct microbial compositions.
IOS 1855747 Directorate for Biological Sciences, Sigelman Undergraduate Research Enhancement Award Columbian College of Arts and Sciences, George Washington University
Bai,
Functional Studies of β-Glucosidases of Cytophaga hutchinsonii and Their Effects on Cellulose Degradation.
2017, Pubmed
Bai,
Functional Studies of β-Glucosidases of Cytophaga hutchinsonii and Their Effects on Cellulose Degradation.
2017,
Pubmed
Bass,
The Pathobiome in Animal and Plant Diseases.
2019,
Pubmed
Battison,
Ulcerative enteritis in Homarus americanus: case report and molecular characterization of intestinal aerobic bacteria of apparently healthy lobsters in live storage.
2008,
Pubmed
Bauer,
Epidermal lesions and mortality caused by vibriosis in deep-sea Bahamian echinoids: a laboratory study.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Becker,
Microbiological study of the body wall lesions of the echinoid Tripneustes gratilla.
2007,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Becker,
Characterization of the bacterial communities associated with the bald sea urchin disease of the echinoid Paracentrotus lividus.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Brink,
Metagenomic assessment of body surface bacterial communities of the sea urchin, Tripneustes gratilla.
2019,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Callahan,
DADA2: High-resolution sample inference from Illumina amplicon data.
2016,
Pubmed
Choi,
Lutibacter litoralis gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from tidal flat sediment.
2006,
Pubmed
Cottrell,
Natural assemblages of marine proteobacteria and members of the Cytophaga-Flavobacter cluster consuming low- and high-molecular-weight dissolved organic matter.
2000,
Pubmed
Faddetta,
Composition and geographic variation of the bacterial microbiota associated with the coelomic fluid of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus.
2020,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
García-López,
Analysis of 1,000 Type-Strain Genomes Improves Taxonomic Classification of Bacteroidetes.
2019,
Pubmed
Gignoux-Wolfsohn,
Complex interactions between potentially pathogenic, opportunistic, and resident bacteria emerge during infection on a reef-building coral.
2017,
Pubmed
Grech,
Vibrio splendidus clade associated with a disease affecting Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816) in Sardinia (Western Mediterranean).
2022,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Guérin,
Transcriptome architecture and regulation at environmental transitions in flavobacteria: the case of an important fish pathogen.
2021,
Pubmed
Hakim,
The Purple Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Demonstrates a Compartmentalization of Gut Bacterial Microbiota, Predictive Functional Attributes, and Taxonomic Co-Occurrence.
2019,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Hakim,
Microbial Composition and Genes for Key Metabolic Attributes in the Gut Digesta of Sea Urchins Lytechinus variegatus and Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Using Shotgun Metagenomics.
2021,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Hira,
Evidence for association of Vibrio echinoideorum with tissue necrosis on test of the green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis.
2022,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Kirchman,
The ecology of Cytophaga-Flavobacteria in aquatic environments.
2002,
Pubmed
Kiselev,
Involvement of the cell-specific pigment genes pks and sult in bacterial defense response of sea urchins Strongylocentrotus intermedius.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Lorgen-Ritchie,
Microbiomes in the context of developing sustainable intensified aquaculture.
2023,
Pubmed
McMurdie,
phyloseq: an R package for reproducible interactive analysis and graphics of microbiome census data.
2013,
Pubmed
Nadkarni,
Determination of bacterial load by real-time PCR using a broad-range (universal) probe and primers set.
2002,
Pubmed
Nedashkovskaya,
Lutibacter holmesii sp. nov., a marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius, and emended description of the genus Lutibacter.
2015,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Offret,
New insights into the haemo- and coelo-microbiota with antimicrobial activities from Echinodermata and Mollusca.
2019,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Park,
Characterization and Pathogenicity of Flavobacterium psychrophilum Isolated from Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Korea.
2023,
Pubmed
Qian,
Marine biofilms: diversity, interactions and biofouling.
2022,
Pubmed
Quast,
The SILVA ribosomal RNA gene database project: improved data processing and web-based tools.
2013,
Pubmed
Rosales,
Microbiome differences in disease-resistant vs. susceptible Acropora corals subjected to disease challenge assays.
2019,
Pubmed
Shaw,
Bald sea urchin disease shifts the surface microbiome on purple sea urchins in an aquarium.
2023,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Staley,
Measurement of in situ activities of nonphotosynthetic microorganisms in aquatic and terrestrial habitats.
1985,
Pubmed
Turner,
Improved methods for capture, extraction, and quantitative assay of environmental DNA from Asian bigheaded carp (Hypophthalmichthys spp.).
2014,
Pubmed
Weigel,
Sea Cucumber Intestinal Regeneration Reveals Deterministic Assembly of the Gut Microbiome.
2020,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Weisburg,
16S ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study.
1991,
Pubmed
Welsh,
Alien vs. predator: bacterial challenge alters coral microbiomes unless controlled by Halobacteriovorax predators.
2017,
Pubmed
Wessel,
Pigmentation biosynthesis influences the microbiome in sea urchins.
2022,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Work,
Mass mortality of collector urchins Tripneustes gratilla in Hawai`i.
2023,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Xie,
Genome sequence of the cellulolytic gliding bacterium Cytophaga hutchinsonii.
2007,
Pubmed
Zanotti,
The microbial profile of a tissue necrosis affecting the Atlantic invasive coral Tubastraea tagusensis.
2021,
Pubmed
Zhang,
Transcriptome profiling reveals key roles of phagosome and NOD-like receptor pathway in spotting diseased Strongylocentrotus intermedius.
2019,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase