Dev Growth Differ 1984 Jan 01;265:479-487. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-169X.1984.00479.x.

Role of Contents of the Germinal Vesicle in Male Pronuclear Development and Cleavage of Starfish Oocytes: (starfish/contents of the germinal vesicle/male pronucleus/cleavage).

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During 1-methyladenine induced germinal vesicle breakdown, contents of the germinal vesicle of starfish oocytes are mixed with the surrounding cytoplasm. Upon injection of contents of the germinal vesicle from immature (fully grown) oocytes into enucleated and inseminated oocytes, incorporated spermatozoa were not observed to change structurally. Alternatively, after treatment of the above oocytes with 1-methyladenine, sperm asters and male pronuclei were developed and subsequent cleavage was also detected. From these results, it is concluded that both action of 1-methyladenine and participation of contents of the germinal vesicle are indispensable for male pronuclear development and subsequent cleavage.

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