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Biology (Basel)
2022 Dec 20;121:. doi: 10.3390/biology12010001.
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MITF Contributes to the Body Color Differentiation of Sea Cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus through Expression Differences and Regulation of Downstream Genes.
Xing L
,
Liu S
,
Zhang L
,
Yang H
,
Sun L
.
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Melanin, which is a pigment produced in melanocytes, is an important contributor to sea cucumber body color. MITF is one of the most critical genes in melanocyte development and melanin synthesis pathways. However, how MITF regulates body color and differentiation in sea cucumbers is poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the expression level and location of MITF in white, purple, and green sea cucumbers and identified the genes regulated by MITF using chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing. The mRNA and protein expression levels of MITF were all highest in purple morphs and lowest in white morphs. In situ hybridization indicated that MITF mRNA were mainly expressed in the epidermis. We also identified 984, 732, and 1191 peaks of MITF binding in green, purple, and white sea cucumbers, which were associated with 727, 557, and 887 genes, respectively. Our findings suggested that MITF contributed to the body color differentiation of green, purple, and white sea cucumbers through expression differences and regulation of downstream genes. These results provided a basis for future studies to determine the mechanisms underlying body color formation and provided insights into gene regulation in sea cucumbers.
No. 42106109 National Natural Science Foundation of China, ZR2020QD100 Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province Youth Program, XDA24030304 Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2018YFD0901602 National Key R&D Program of China, 2020LZGC015 Agricultural Seed Project of Shandong Province
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