Click
here to close Hello! We notice that
you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Echinobase
and may cause the site to display incorrectly. We suggest using a
current version of Chrome,
FireFox,
or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Sea urchins and other echinoderms are important experimental models for studying developmental processes. The lack of approaches for conditional gene perturbation, however, has made it challenging to investigate the late developmental functions of genes that have essential roles during early embryogenesis and genes that have diverse functions in multiple tissues. The doxycycline-controlled Tet-On system is a widely used molecular tool for temporally and spatially regulated transgene expression. Here, we optimized the Tet-On system to conditionally induce gene expression in sea urchin embryos. Using this approach, we explored the roles the MAPK signaling plays in skeletogenesis by expressing genes that perturb the pathway specifically in primary mesenchyme cells during later stages of development. We demonstrated the wide utility of the Tet-On system by applying it to a second sea urchin species and in cell types other than the primary mesenchyme cells. Our work provides a robust and flexible platform for the spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression in sea urchins, which will considerably enhance the utility of this prominent model system.
Adomako-Ankomah,
Growth factor-mediated mesodermal cell guidance and skeletogenesis during sea urchin gastrulation.
2013, Pubmed,
Echinobase
Adomako-Ankomah,
Growth factor-mediated mesodermal cell guidance and skeletogenesis during sea urchin gastrulation.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Ahmad,
Dual-specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6): a review of its molecular characteristics and clinical relevance in cancer.
2018,
Pubmed
Akhtar,
Tetracycline-Inducible and Reversible Stable Gene Expression in Human iPSC-Derived Neural Progenitors and in the Postnatal Mouse Brain.
2017,
Pubmed
Arnone,
Using reporter genes to study cis-regulatory elements.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Bardhan,
Conditional gene knockdowns in sea urchins using caged morpholinos.
2021,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Brunet,
Constitutively active mutants of MAP kinase kinase (MEK1) induce growth factor-relaxation and oncogenicity when expressed in fibroblasts.
1994,
Pubmed
Cameron,
cis-Regulatory activity of randomly chosen genomic fragments from the sea urchin.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Cheers,
Rapid microinjection of fertilized eggs.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Cui,
Recent advances in functional perturbation and genome editing techniques in studying sea urchin development.
2017,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Czarkwiani,
Expression of skeletogenic genes during arm regeneration in the brittle star Amphiura filiformis.
2013,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Das,
Tet-On Systems For Doxycycline-inducible Gene Expression.
2016,
Pubmed
Doanes,
VEGF stimulates MAPK through a pathway that is unique for receptor tyrosine kinases.
1999,
Pubmed
Duloquin,
Localized VEGF signaling from ectoderm to mesenchyme cells controls morphogenesis of the sea urchin embryo skeleton.
2007,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Ettensohn,
Cell interactions in the sea urchin embryo studied by fluorescence photoablation.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Ettensohn,
KirrelL, a member of the Ig-domain superfamily of adhesion proteins, is essential for fusion of primary mesenchyme cells in the sea urchin embryo.
2017,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Ettensohn,
Cell lineage conversion in the sea urchin embryo.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Faedo,
Differentiation of human telencephalic progenitor cells into MSNs by inducible expression of Gsx2 and Ebf1.
2017,
Pubmed
Fernandez-Serra,
Role of the ERK-mediated signaling pathway in mesenchyme formation and differentiation in the sea urchin embryo.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Fleming,
CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis reveals a role for ABCB1 in gut immune responses to Vibrio diazotrophicus in sea urchin larvae.
2021,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Gao,
Transfer of a large gene regulatory apparatus to a new developmental address in echinoid evolution.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Gao,
Juvenile skeletogenesis in anciently diverged sea urchin clades.
2015,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Guo,
ERK/MAPK signalling pathway and tumorigenesis.
2020,
Pubmed
Heyland,
Manipulation of developing juvenile structures in purple sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) by morpholino injection into late stage larvae.
2014,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Illies,
Identification and developmental expression of new biomineralization proteins in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Kang,
An improved Tet-on system in microRNA overexpression and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing.
2019,
Pubmed
Khor,
Functional divergence of paralogous transcription factors supported the evolution of biomineralization in echinoderms.
2017,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Khor,
Architecture and evolution of the cis-regulatory system of the echinoderm kirrelL gene.
2022,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Khor,
Genome-wide identification of binding sites and gene targets of Alx1, a pivotal regulator of echinoderm skeletogenesis.
2019,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Khor,
Global patterns of enhancer activity during sea urchin embryogenesis assessed by eRNA profiling.
2021,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Killian,
SpSM30 gene family expression patterns in embryonic and adult biomineralized tissues of the sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.
2010,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Knapp,
Recombinant sea urchin vascular endothelial growth factor directs single-crystal growth and branching in vitro.
2012,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Kurokawa,
HpEts, an ets-related transcription factor implicated in primary mesenchyme cell differentiation in the sea urchin embryo.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Lepage,
Expression of exogenous mRNAs to study gene function in the sea urchin embryo.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Lin,
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing in sea urchins.
2019,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Lindmark,
Antitrichomonad action, mutagenicity, and reduction of metronidazole and other nitroimidazoles.
1976,
Pubmed
Luo,
Opposing nodal and BMP signals regulate left-right asymmetry in the sea urchin larva.
2012,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Margolin,
Krüppel-associated boxes are potent transcriptional repression domains.
1994,
Pubmed
Materna,
Using Morpholinos to Probe Gene Networks in Sea Urchin.
2017,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
McIntyre,
Branching out: origins of the sea urchin larval skeleton in development and evolution.
2014,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
McMahon,
Introduction of cloned DNA into sea urchin egg cytoplasm: replication and persistence during embryogenesis.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Meerbrey,
The pINDUCER lentiviral toolkit for inducible RNA interference in vitro and in vivo.
2011,
Pubmed
Morgulis,
Possible cooption of a VEGF-driven tubulogenesis program for biomineralization in echinoderms.
2019,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Morgulis,
VEGF signaling activates the matrix metalloproteinases, MmpL7 and MmpL5 at the sites of active skeletal growth and MmpL7 regulates skeletal elongation.
2021,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Morino,
Heterochronic activation of VEGF signaling and the evolution of the skeleton in echinoderm pluteus larvae.
2012,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Nam,
Cis-regulatory control of the nodal gene, initiator of the sea urchin oral ectoderm gene network.
2007,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Pedone,
A tunable dual-input system for on-demand dynamic gene expression regulation.
2019,
Pubmed
Rafiq,
The genomic regulatory control of skeletal morphogenesis in the sea urchin.
2012,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Rafiq,
Genome-wide analysis of the skeletogenic gene regulatory network of sea urchins.
2014,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Röttinger,
A Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway is required for development of the sea urchin embryo micromere lineage through phosphorylation of the transcription factor Ets.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Saunders,
Sub-circuits of a gene regulatory network control a developmental epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
2014,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Sharma,
Activation of the skeletogenic gene regulatory network in the early sea urchin embryo.
2010,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Sharrock,
NTR 2.0: a rationally engineered prodrug-converting enzyme with substantially enhanced efficacy for targeted cell ablation.
2022,
Pubmed
Shashikant,
From genome to anatomy: The architecture and evolution of the skeletogenic gene regulatory network of sea urchins and other echinoderms.
2018,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Shin,
A single lentiviral vector platform for microRNA-based conditional RNA interference and coordinated transgene expression.
2006,
Pubmed
Sun,
Signal-dependent regulation of the sea urchin skeletogenic gene regulatory network.
2014,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Tarsis,
Distinct regulatory states control the elongation of individual skeletal rods in the sea urchin embryo.
2022,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Wessel,
Genetic manipulation of the pigment pathway in a sea urchin reveals distinct lineage commitment prior to metamorphosis in the bilateral to radial body plan transition.
2020,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Yamazaki,
Gene regulation of adult skeletogenesis in starfish and modifications during gene network co-option.
2021,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Yuh,
Modular cis-regulatory organization of Endo16, a gut-specific gene of the sea urchin embryo.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase