Murano C et al. (2022), A Survey on the Distribution of Ovothiol and ov...

ECB-ART-50370

Mar Drugs 2022 Apr 15;204:. doi: 10.3390/md20040268.

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A Survey on the Distribution of Ovothiol and ovoA Gene Expression in Different Tissues and Cells: A Comparative Analysis in Sea Urchins and Mussels.

Murano C , Zuccarotto A , Leone S , Sollitto M , Gerdol M , Castellano I , Palumbo A .

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Ovothiols are histidine-derived thiols produced by a variety of marine invertebrates, protists and bacteria. These compounds, which are among the strongest natural antioxidants, are involved in controlling the cellular redox balance due to their redox exchange with glutathione. Although ovothiols were initially reported as protective agents against environmental stressors, new evidence suggests that they can also act as pheromones and participate in fundamental biological processes such as embryogenesis. To get further insight into the biological roles of ovothiols, we compared ovothiol biosynthesis in the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus and in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, the two species that represent the richest sources of these compounds among marine invertebrates. Ovothiol content was measured in different tissues and in the immune cells from both species and the expression levels of ovoA, the gene responsible for ovothiol biosynthesis, was inferred from publicly available transcriptomes. A comparative analysis of ovothiol biosynthesis in the two species allowed the identification of the tissues and cells synthesizing the metabolite and highlighted analogies and differences between sea urchins and mussels. By improving our knowledge on the biological roles of ovothiols and pointing out the existence of sustainable natural sources for their isolation, this study provides the basis for future biotechnological investigations on these valuable compounds.

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References [+] :

Ariyanayagam, Ovothiol and trypanothione as antioxidants in trypanosomatids. 2001, Pubmed

	Figure 1. Ovothiol A and glutathione content in P. lividus and M. galloprovincialis gonads and eggs (A–C). All data were analyzed by Two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-test comparing P. lividus vs. M. galloprovincialis. Bars represent mean ± SD. (A) “a” indicates values that are significantly different from the M. galloprovincialis eggs (p-value < 0.001), “b” is significantly different from the GBS P. lividus (p-value < 0.05); (C) “a” indicates values that are significantly different from the P. lividus eggs (p-value < 0.05), “b” is significantly different from the M. galloprovincialis eggs (p-value < 0.001), (n = 20). GBS = gonads before spawning; GAS = gonads after spawning.
	Figure 2. Ovothiol A and glutathione content in P. lividus and M. galloprovincialis immune cells (A–C). All data were analyzed by Two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-test comparing P. lividus vs. M. galloprovincialis. Bars represent mean ± SD. (A,C) “a” indicates values that are significantly different from P. lividus male (p-value < 0.01), “b” is significantly different from P. lividus female (p-value < 0.05).
	Figure 3. ovoA expression in M. galloprovincialis and S. purpuratus. (A) Several RNAseq data were analyzed for M. galloprovincialis (Table S1). The bars represent the mean TPM values of ovoA in all the run accessions shown in Supplementary Materials (Table S2), aggregated by tissue. (B) The bars represent the TPM values of ovoA in S. purpuratus, obtained from single non-replicated samples.