Popov RS et al. (2022), Application of MS-Based Metabolomic Approaches ...

ECB-ART-50309

Mar Drugs 2022 May 12;205:. doi: 10.3390/md20050320.

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Application of MS-Based Metabolomic Approaches in Analysis of Starfish and Sea Cucumber Bioactive Compounds.

Popov RS , Ivanchina NV , Dmitrenok PS .

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Today, marine natural products are considered one of the main sources of compounds for drug development. Starfish and sea cucumbers are potential sources of natural products of pharmaceutical interest. Among their metabolites, polar steroids, triterpene glycosides, and polar lipids have attracted a great deal of attention; however, studying these compounds by conventional methods is challenging. The application of modern MS-based approaches can help to obtain valuable information about such compounds. This review provides an up-to-date overview of MS-based applications for starfish and sea cucumber bioactive compounds analysis. While describing most characteristic features of MS-based approaches in the context of starfish and sea cucumber metabolites, including sample preparation and MS analysis steps, the present paper mainly focuses on the application of MS-based metabolic profiling of polar steroid compounds, triterpene glycosides, and lipids. The application of MS in metabolomics studies is also outlined.

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References [+] :

Abdelhameed, New Cytotoxic Cerebrosides from the Red Sea Cucumber Holothuria spinifera Supported by In-Silico Studies. 2020, Pubmed, Echinobase

	Figure 1. Main research stages in MS-based metabolomics studies of starfish and sea cucumber bioactive compounds.
	Figure 2. The structures of typical starfish polyhydroxysteroid (5α-cholestane-3β,6α,8,15α,16β,26-hexaol (1) from the starfish Protoreaster nodosus [71]), a glycoside of polyhydroxysteroid (linckoside A (2) from the starfish Linckia laevigata [72]), and asterosaponin (thornasteroside A (3) from the starfish Acanthaster planci [73]).
	Figure 3. ESI MS/MS spectrum of [M − Na]− precursor ion at m/z 1213 identified as ophidianoside F (modified from [77]).
	Figure 4. The structures of typical holothurian triterpene glycosides with holostane aglycon (okhotoside B1 (4) from the sea cucumber Cucumaria okhotensis [112]) and rare non-holostane aglycon (kurilosides A1 (5) from the sea cucumber Thyonidium (=Duasmodactyla) kurilensis [113]), demonstrating different carbohydrate chain architecture.
	Figure 5. ESI MS/MS spectrum of [M − Na]– precursor ion at m/z 1277, identified as cucumarioside F2 (modified from [118]).
	Figure 6. The structures of typical echinoderm cerebrosides (luidiacerebroside A (6) from the starfish Luidia maculata [155] and glucocerebroside HPC-3-A (7) from the sea cucumber Holothuria pervicax [156]) and gangliosides (ganglioside molecular species from the sea cucumber H. pervicax (8) [157] and acanthaganglioside I (9) from the starfish Acanthaster planci [158]).