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Polymers (Basel)
2017 Aug 24;99:. doi: 10.3390/polym9090391.
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Gallic Acid-Loaded Gel Formulation Combats Skin Oxidative Stress: Development, Characterization and Ex Vivo Biological Assays.
Monteiro E Silva SA
,
Calixto GMF
,
Cajado J
,
De Carvalho PCA
,
Rodero CF
,
Chorilli M
,
Leonardi GR
.
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Oxidative stress, which is a result of overproduction and accumulation of free radicals, is the main cause of several skin degenerative diseases, such as aging. Polyphenols, such as gallic acid, are an important class of naturally occurring antioxidants. They have emerged as strong antioxidants that can be used as active cosmetics. The purpose of this study was to develop a gallic acid-loaded cosmetic gel formulation and characterize it using rheological, mechanical, and bioadhesive tests. Its antioxidant effect in the stratum corneum was evaluated by a non-invasive method. According to the characterization tests, the formulation exhibited skin adhesiveness and pseudoplastic behavior without thixotropy, rendering it suitable for use as a cosmetic formulation. Furthermore, the non-invasive method indicated the antioxidant effect in the stratum corneum, with the global lipid peroxide reduction being 33.97 ± 11.66%. Thus, we were able to develop a promising gallic acid-loaded gel formulation that could reduce lipid peroxides and thus combat skin oxidative stress.
Figure 1. Flow rheograms of gel (gel) and GA-loaded gel (gel + gallic acid). Symbols representupcurve and white symbols represent downcurve. SDs have been omitted for clarity; however, in all cases, the coefficient of variation of triplicate analyses was less than 10%. Data were collected at 32 ± 0.5 °C.
Figure 2. Frequency sweep profile of storage modulus G’ (closed symbols) and loss modulus G’’ (white symbols) of both gel (gel) and GA-loaded gel (gel + gallic acid). SDs have been omitted for clarity; however, in all cases, the coefficient of variation of triplicate analyses was less than 10%. Data were collected at 32 ± 0.5 °C.
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