Chichvarkhin A et al. (2019), Sea stars of the genus Henricia Gray, 1840 (Ech...

ECB-ART-47073

PeerJ 2019 Jan 01;7:e6585. doi: 10.7717/peerj.6585.

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Sea stars of the genus Henricia Gray, 1840 (Echinodermata, Asteroidea) from Vostok Bay, Sea of Japan.

Chichvarkhin A , Chichvarkhina O , Wakita D .

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We report seven species of the genus Henricia Gray, 1840 that were found in Vostok Bay, and two species from adjacent area, known from museum collection or seen in underwater footage. while existing literature reported no confirmed species from this area. Most of these species: H. djakonovi, H. alexeyi, H. densispina, H. hayashii, H. granulifera, H. pacifica, H. asiatica, and H. oculata robusta were reported from the Sea of Japan previously. H. nipponica, known from Japan, is reported from Russian seas for the first time. All studied taxa are re-described here using a range of morphological characters and partial 16S rRNA nucleotide sequences, life colorations of several species are reported for the first time, and an identification key is provided. Lectotype designations are fixed for studied series of species described by AM Djakonov.

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Genes referenced: LOC100887844

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	Figure 1. Surveyed area map (image by Google, 2017).SQUARES: yellow, H. djakonovi; red, H. hayashii; green, H. granulifera. CIRCLES: yellow, H. nipponica; red, H. densispina. STARS: yellow, H. asiatica; red, H. pacifica; green, H. alexeyi.
	Figure 2. NJ tree (p-distance) based on 16S rRNA partial nucleotide sequences. Bootstrap 1,000 replicates.The taxa marked with red were colleccted in Vostok Bay.

	Figure 4. Henricia pacifica. (Hayashi, 1940).(A) holotype life coloration; (Bâ€“D) paratypes; (E, F) actinal skeleton; (G) abactinal skeleton; (Hâ€“K) abactinal spines. i, inferomarginal; im, intermarginal; s, superomarginal; v, ventrolateral; v2, additional ventrolateral. Scale bars: Aâ€“D - 10 mm, Eâ€“G - 5 mm, Hâ€“K - 50 Âµm. Photos by AÂ Chichvarkhin.
	Figure 5. Henricia nipponica. Vostok Bay.(A) holotype, life coloration; (B) holotype, denuded acinal side; (C) holotype, actinal side of ethanol-preserved specimen; (D) holotype, denuded abactinal side; (E) holotype, abactinal side of ethanol-preserved specimen; (Fâ€“I) abactinal spines. i, inferomarginal; im, intermarginal; s, superomarginal; v, ventrolateral; a, adambulacral. Scale bars: A - 10 mm, B - 1 mm, Câ€“E - 5 mm, Fâ€“I - 50 Âµm. Photos by A. Chichvarkhin.
	Figure 6. Henricia granulifera, Vostok Bay.(A, B) life coloration of abactinal and actinal sides, Vostok Bay; (C) denuded abactinal skeleton, Vostok Bay; (D) denuded abactinal skeleton, holotype; (E) actinal side, Vostok Bay; (F) actinal side, lectotype; (Gâ€“K) abactinal spines, Vostok Bay; (Lâ€“O) abactinal spines, H. granulifera lect otype. i, inferomarginal; im, intermarginal; s, superomarginal; v, ventrolateral. Scale bars: A, B - 10 mm, Câ€“F - 5 mm, Gâ€“O - 50 Âµm. Photos by A. Chichvarkhin.
	Figure 7. Henricia djakonovi, Vostok Bay.(A, B) life coloration; (C) denuded abactinal skeleton; (D) abactinal side of ethanol-preserved specimen; (E) actinal side of ethanol-preserved specimen; (Fâ€“H) abactinal spines; (Iâ€“J) abactinal spines, holotype; (Kâ€“L) abactrinal spines of H. pseudoleviuscula, holotype; (M) aboral spines of H. reniossa, holotype. Scale bars: A, B - 10 mm, C - 5 mm, D - 3 mm, E - 1 mm, Fâ€“M - 50 Âµm. Photos by A. Chichvarkhin.
	Figure 8. Henricia hayashii.(A) life coloration, Vostok Bay; (B) abactinal side, lectotype; (C) denuded abactinal side, Vostok Bay; (D) actinal side, lectotype, (E) denuded actinal side, Vostok Bay; (F) actinal side of ethanol-preserved specimen; (Gâ€“J) abactinal spines, Vostok Bay; (Kâ€“L) abactinal spines, holotype; (M) single deep adambulacral spines in the specimen from Peter the Great Bay, ZINâ€“7/15940; (N) double deep adambulacral spines in the specimen from Moneron Is., Scale bars: A - 10 mm, B - 1 mm, Câ€“F - 5 mm, Gâ€“L - 50 Âµm, M, N - 500 Âµm. Photos by A. Chichvarkhin.
	Figure 9. Henricia asiatica, lectotype.(A) abactinal view; (B) actinal side; (C) denuded actinal side; (D) abactinal side; (E) abactinal spines; (F) original labels. Scale bars: A - 20 mm, Bâ€“D - 10 mm, E - 50 Âµm. Photos by A. Chichvarkhin.
	Figure 10. Henricia densispina, Vostok Bay.(A, B) life coloration; (C) denuded abactinal skeleton; (D) abactinal side of live specimen; (E) denuded actinal side; (F) actinal side of ethanol-preserved specimen; (Gâ€“K) abactinal spines; (Lâ€“M) abactinal spines of ZIN â€“61/15229 H. sp., Tatar strait, Sovetskaya Gavan; (N) distal fragment of ambulacral furrow with double deep ambulacral spines; (O) proximal fragment of ambulacral furrow with single deep ambulacral spine. Scale bars: A, B - 10 mm, C, E - 5 mm, D - 3 mm, F - 1 mm, Gâ€“M - 50 Âµm. Photos by A. Chichvarkhin.

References [+] :

Chichvarkhin, Henricia djakonovi sp. nov. (Echinodermata, Echinasteridae): a new sea star species from the Sea of Japan. 2017, Pubmed, Echinobase