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Mar Drugs
2019 Mar 15;173:. doi: 10.3390/md17030169.
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Preparation and Evaluation of Peptides with Potential Antioxidant Activity by Microwave Assisted Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Collagen from Sea Cucumber Acaudina Molpadioides Obtained from Zhejiang Province in China.
Jin HX, Xu HP, Li Y, Zhang QW, Xie H.
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The present study was focused on the preparation and characterization of the antioxidant peptides by microwave-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis of collagen from sea cucumber Acaudina molpadioides (ASC-Am) obtained from Zhejiang Province in China. The results exhibited the effects of microwave irradiation on hydrolysis of ASC-Am with different protease. Neutrase was selected from the four common proteases (papain, pepsin, trypsin, and neutrase) based on the highest content and DPPH scavenging activity of hydrolysate Fa (Molecular weight < 1 kDa). The content and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity of Fa obtained by hydrolysis of neutrase increased by 100% and 109% respectively at a microwave power of 300 W compared with no microwave irradiation. Five subfractions were obtained after performing the gel filtration chromatography, and the Fa.2 exhibited the highest DPPH scavenging activity. The amino acid analysis showed that the contents of Glutamic acid, Alanine, Tyrosine, and Phenylalanine in fraction Fa.2 increased significantly, but an obvious decrease in the content of Glycine was observed compared to Fa. Four peptides (Fa.2-A, Fa.2-B, Fa.2-C, and Fa.2-D) were purified from Fa.2 by high performance liquid chromatography, and Fa.2-C showed the highest DPPH scavenging activity. The sequence of Fa.2-C was identified as Phenylalanine-Leucine- Alanine-Proline with a half elimination ratio (EC50) of 0.385 mg/mL. The antioxidant activity of Fa.2-C was probably attributed to the small molecular sizes and the presence of hydrophobic amino acid residues in its sequence. This report provided a promising method for the preparation of antioxidant peptides from collagen for food and medicinal purposes.
Figure 1. Effect of microwave power on contents (a) and DPPH scavenging activities (b) of Fa (■), Fb (■), and Fc (■) from hydrolysate of ASC-Am by papain. The experiment was performed in triplicate within three days with the same collagen obtained from the same batch of sea cucumber. All values were the mean ± standard deviation (SD).
Figure 2. Effect of microwave power on contents (a) and DPPH scavenging activities (b) of Fa (■), Fb (■), and Fc (■) from hydrolysate of ASC-Am by pepsin. The experiment was performed in triplicate within three days with the same collagen obtained from the same batch of sea cucumber. All values were the mean ± standard deviation (SD).
Figure 3. Effect of microwave power on contents (a) and DPPH scavenging activities (b) of Fa (■), Fb (■), and Fc (■) from hydrolysate of ASC-Am by trypsin. The experiment was performed in triplicate within three days with the same collagen obtained from the same batch of sea cucumber. All values were the mean ± standard deviation (SD).
Figure 4. Effect of microwave power on contents (a) and DPPH scavenging activities (b) of Fa (■), Fb (■), and Fc (■) from hydrolysates of ASC-Am by neutrase. The experiment was performed in triplicate within three days with the same collagen obtained from the same batch of sea cucumber. All values were the mean ± standard deviation (SD).
Figure 5. Effect of microwave time on contents (a) and DPPH scavenging activities (b) of Fa (■), Fb (■), and Fc (■) from hydrolysates of ASC-Am by neutrase. The experiment was performed in triplicate within three days with the same collagen obtained from the same batch of sea cucumber. All values were the mean ± standard deviation (SD).
Figure 6. Effect of Fa (â—, â—) and ascorbic acid (â– , â– ) concentrations on DPPH radical (â—, â– ) and ABTS radical (â—, â– ) scavenging activity. Fa was the hydrolysate (Mw < 1 kDa) by neutrase hydrolysis of ASC-Am at 300 W for 30 min. The experiment was performed in triplicate within three days with the same sample of Fa. All values were the mean ± standard deviation (SD). (a–e) Values with different letters indicated significant differences in the same free radical at different concentrations (p < 0.05); (A–B) Values with different letters indicated significant differences in the different free radical at the same concentration (p < 0.05).
Figure 7. (a) Separation scheme of antioxidant peptide from Fa by Sephadex G-25 column; (b) The DPPH scavenging activity of fractions from Fa at concentration of 0.2 mg/mL. Fa was the hydrolysate (Mw < 1 kDa) by neutrase hydrolysis of ASC-Am at 300 W for 30 min. The experiment was performed in triplicate within three days with the same sample of Fa. All values were the mean ± standard deviation (SD). (a–d) Values with different letters indicated significant differences in the different sample at same concentrations (p < 0.05).
Figure 8. RP-HPLC chromatography of Fa.2 on Zorbax. SB C-18 column (a) and the DPPH scavenging activity of four peptides at concentration of 0.2 mg/mL (b). Fa.2 was isolated from the hydrolysate Fa obtained by neutrase hydrolysis of ASC-Am at 300 W for 30 min. The experiment was performed in triplicate within three days with the same sample of Fa.2. (a–d) Values with different letters indicated significant differences in the different sample at same concentrations (p < 0.05).
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