Conway KW et al. (2018), A new species of sea urchin associating clingfi...

ECB-ART-46255

Zookeys 2018 Feb 27;740:77-95. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.740.22712.

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A new species of sea urchin associating clingfish of the genus Dellichthys from New Zealand (Teleostei, Gobiesocidae).

Conway KW , Stewart AL , Summers AP .

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A new species of clingfish, Dellichthys trnskiisp. n. is described on the basis of 27 specimens, 11.9-46.0 mm SL, collected from intertidal and shallow coastal waters of New Zealand. It is distinguished from its only congener, D. morelandi Briggs, 1955 by characters of the cephalic sensory system and oral jaws, snout shape, and colouration in life. A rediagnosis is provided for D. morelandi, which is shown to exhibit sexual dimorphism in snout shape.

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Species referenced: Echinodermata
Genes referenced: asph LOC100887844 LOC100890195 LOC100893907 LOC115925133 LOC579703 LOC587683 LOC591043 por prrx1 ret znf410

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	Figure 1. Dellichthys trnskii, AIM MA73570, holotype, male, 22.8 mm SL; New Zealand: Northland, Pacific Bay, Tutukaka Coast.
	Figure 2. Head (in dorsal, lateral and ventral view) in members of Dellichthys highlighting position of cephalic lateral line canal pores (grey circles) and superficial neuromasts (white circles) on the left side of the head, and skin fold on snout. A Dellichthys trnskii, AIM MA73573, paratype, 21.3 mm SL B Dellichthys morelandi, TCWC 17264.02, 34.2 mm SL. Black arrows point to location of postorbital canal pore 2 (upper arrow) and preopercular canal pore 3 (lower arrow). White arrows point to location of posterior margin of upper lip (anterior arrow) and anterior margin of skin fold on snout (posterior arrow). White dashed line follows margin of skin fold on snout in dorsal and lateral view. Superficial neuromasts arranged in rows are connected by a thin black line. Superficial neuromasts on surface of body not highlighted. Abbreviations: AN, anterior nostril; LC1-3, lachrymal canal pores 1–3; MC1–3, mandibular canal pores 1–2; MG, mandibular row of superficial neuromasts; NC1–2, nasal canal pores 1–2; PN, posterior nostril; PO1–2, postorbital canal pores 1–2; POR, postorbital row of superficial neuromasts; PR1–3, preopercular canal pores 1–3; SOR, suborbital row of superficial neuromasts.
	Figure 3. CT scanned anterior skeleton, including cranium, paired-fin girdles and abdominal region of vertebral column, of Dellichthys trnskii, NMNZ 028060, paratype, 25.0 mm SL. A Dorsal view B Lateral view C Ventral view. Single scale bar shared by A–C. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, anguloarticular; Apa, autopalatine; Asph, autosphenotic; Bh, basihyal; Boc, basioccipital; Bp, basipterygium; Br, branchiostegal rays; Cb5, ceratobranchial five; Cl, cleithrum; De, dentary; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ec, epicentral; Epoc, epioccipital; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hy, hyomandibular; I, spinous pelvic-fin ray; Ihc, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; NS, neural spine; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; PecR, pectoral-fin ray; PelR, pelvic-fin ray; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Ri, rib; Sc, scale; Scl, supracleithrum; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sy, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V, vertebral centrum; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum.
	Figure 4. Hyopalatine arch and opercular series (right side in lateral view [image reversed]) in members of Dellichthys. A D. trnskii, NMNZ P.062699, paratype, 41.8 mm SL B D. morelandi, NMNZ P.018388, 39.0 mm SL. Dashed lines indicate anterior extent of upper and lower jaws. Abbreviations: Ang, anguloarticular; Apa, autopalatine; Dn, dentary; Ect, ectopterygoid; Hyo, hyomandibular; Iop, interopercle; Mx, maxilla; Op, opercle; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Q, quadrate; Ret, retroarticular; Sop, subopercle; Sym, symplectic.
	Figure 5. Premaxilla (right side in ventral view [image reversed]) in members of Dellichthys. A D. trnskii, NMNZ P.062699, paratype, 41.8 mm SL B D. morelandi, NMNZ P.018388, 39.0 mm SL.
	Figure 6. CT scanned skeleton of Dellichthys trnskii, NMNZ P.028060, paratype, 25.0 mm SL. A Dorsal view B Lateral view C Ventral view D Caudal fin skeleton, lateral view. Asterisks indicate position or upper- and lowermost principal caudal-fin rays in D. Outline of poorly ossified portion of epural and entire parhypural indicated by white dotted line in D. Single scale bar shared between A-C. Abbreviations. AFR, anal-fin ray; DFR, dorsal-fin ray; DPrR, dorsal procurrent caudal-fin ray; Ep, epural; HS1, first hemal spine (14th vertebral centrum); LHP, lower hypural plate; NS, neural spine, number indicates associated vertebral centrum; P-MR, proximal-middle radial; PrR PU2, second preural centrum; UC, ural centrum; UHP, upper hypural plate; VPrR, ventral procurrent caudal-fin ray.
	Figure 7. Surface features (A, C) and internal supporting skeleton (B, D) of the adhesive disc in species of Dellichthys in ventral view (anterior to top of page). A D. trnskii, AIM MA4341, 45.8 mm SL B D. trnskii, NMNZ P.062699, paratype, 41.8 mm SL C D. morelandi, TCWC 17269.03, 37.1 mm SL D D. morelandi, NMNZ P.018388, 39.0 mm SL. Abbreviations: A, disc region A; B, disc region B; Bp, basipterygium; C, disc region C; DPcL, dorsal postcleithrum; I, pelvic-fin spine; PelR1–4, pelvic-fin rays 1–4; VPcL, ventral postcleithrum.
	Figure 8. Dellichthys trnskii (A–C) and D. morelandi (D–F) photographed in an aquarium soon after collection. A–B AIM MA73570, holotype, male, 22.8 mm SL; Pacific Bay, Tutukaka Coast C AIM MA73571, paratype, female, 20.0 mm SL; Pacific Bay, Tutukaka Coast D TCWC 17264.02, male, 33.8 mm SL; Pacific Bay, Tutukaka Coast E TCWC 17264.02, potential female, 29.0 mm SL; Pacific Bay, Tutukaka Coast F TCWC 17269.03, male, 37.1 mm SL; Rawhiti, Taupiri Bay.
	Figure 9. Distribution of Dellichthys trnskii. Type locality marked with a red dot.
	Figure 10. Alcohol preserved specimen (left) and corresponding CT (right) of a male and female of Dellichthys morelandi, NMNZ P.030626 A male, 60.0 mm SL B female, 42.0 mm SL. White arrows point to expanded cheek region of male in A.

References [+] :

Conway, Cryptic diversity and venom glands in Western atlantic clingfishes of the genus acyrtus (Teleostei: Gobiesocidae). 2014, Pubmed