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PeerJ
2017 Jan 01;5:e3696. doi: 10.7717/peerj.3696.
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RNA expression and disease tolerance are associated with a "keystone mutation" in the ochre sea star Pisaster ochraceus.
Chandler VK
,
Wares JP
.
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An overdominant mutation in an intron of the elongation factor 1-α (EF1A) gene in the sea star Pisaster ochraceus has shown itself to mediate tolerance to "sea star wasting disease", a pandemic that has significantly reduced sea star populations on the Pacific coast of North America. Here we use RNA sequencing of healthy individuals to identify differences in constitutive expression of gene regions that may help explain this tolerance phenotype. Our results show that individuals carrying this mutation have lower expression at a large contingent of gene regions. Individuals without this mutation also appear to have a greater cellular response to temperature stress, which has been implicated in the outbreak of sea star wasting disease. Given the ecological significance of P. ochraceus, these results may be useful in predicting the evolutionary and demographic future for Pacific intertidal communities.
Figure 1. Image of Pisaster ochraceus.Aboral view of Pisaster in righting response trial. Photo by JPW.
Figure 2. Randomized expression differences among libraries.Sorted permutational misassignment of individuals and comparison with actual EF1A genotype partitions. Misassignments were directed to maintain (nearly) equal sample sizes in the two groups. Histogram bars in purple indicate reassignment of a single library; orange represents reciprocal swap of single libraries across partitions. Grey represents reciprocal swap of two libraries across genotype partitions. Partitioning of individuals by EF1A genotype suggests a stronger signal (vertical dotted line) than almost all permutations; ‘misassignments’ with more extreme results always involve reassignment of wild individual Po5. The maximal observation shown (447 differentially expressed fragments) represents Po5 as an ins heterozygote instead.
Figure 3. Differential expression of EF1A genotypes.Volcano plot of transcripts that are differentially expressed between EF1A genotypes (FDR < 0.01). Contrast indicated with positive logFC values on the right for fragments that have higher expression in wild homozygotes. (A) includes all individuals in study; right panel (B) excludes wild individual Po5. Red dotted lines indicate FDR of 0.01.
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