Liu W et al. (2017), Four new species of the millipede genus Eutrich...

ECB-ART-45685

Zookeys 2017 Mar 08;660:43-65. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.660.11780.

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Four new species of the millipede genus Eutrichodesmus Silvestri, 1910 from Laos, including two with reduced ozopores (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Haplodesmidae).

Liu W , Golovatch S , Wesener T .

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Laos has large areas of primary forest with a largely unexplored fauna. This is evidenced by millipedes, class Diplopoda, with fewer than 60 species being recorded from the country. In the widespread Southeast Asian "Star Millipede" genus Eutrichodesmus Silvestri, 1910 (family Haplodesmidae), only two of 49 recorded species have been found in Laos. Four new species of Star Millipedes are here described from caves in Laos: Eutrichodesmus steineri Liu & Wesener, sp. n., Eutrichodesmus deporatus Liu & Wesener, sp. n., Eutrichodesmus paraster Liu & Wesener, sp. n. and Eutrichodesmus parvus Liu & Wesener, sp. n.. A fifth species, for which only a female is available, remains unnamed. The defensive glands (ozopores) are found to be strongly or entirely suppressed in two of the new species, Eutrichodesmus deporatus Liu & Wesener, sp. n. and Eutrichodesmus paraster Liu & Wesener, sp. n., both troglobionts, which is new to the family. All of the Star Millipedes were collected during Northern Lao-European Cave Project faunal surveys conducted by the Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt. A key to the six species of Eutrichodesmus currently known to occur in Laos is provided.

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Species referenced: Echinodermata
Genes referenced: LOC115925415 LOC581235

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	Figure 1. Habitus photographs. A Eutrichodesmus steineri sp. n., male paratype (SMF) from Cave Tham Dout, ventrolateral view B Eutrichodesmus deporatus sp. n., a male ecological photo from Cave Tham Pathok, sublateral view C Eutrichodesmus paraster sp. n., male holotype (SMF) from Cave Tham Long Puang, lateral view D Eutrichodesmus parvus sp. n., male paratype (ZFMK) from Cave Tham Nam Long, lateral view.
	Figure 2. Eutrichodesmus steineri sp. n., SEM, male paratype from Cave Tham Deu. A head (H) and left antenna, frontal view B segments 2 and 3, lateral view C. segments 4 and 5, lateral view (m2–m5 = metaterga 2–5) D collum (Co), dorsal view E segments 6 and 7, lateral view (m6–m7 = metaterga 6, 7) F telson, subventral view G cross-section of segment 11, caudal view H segments 8–10, dorsal view I segments 17–19 and telson, lateral view (m8–m10, m17–m19 = metaterga 8–10, 17–19).
	Figure 3. Eutrichodesmus steineri sp. n., SEM, male paratype from Cave Tham Deu. A right antenna, lateral view (a2–a7 = antennomeres 2–7) B gnathochilarium, ventral view (lp = lateral palpus; ip = inner palpus; st = stipites; ll = lamellae linguales; m = mentum) C right mandible, general view (et = external tooth; it = internal tooth; pl = pectinate lamellae; ia = intermediate area; mp = molar plate) D prozonum 8, dorsal view E paratergum 17 (p17), lateral view F limbus of metatergum 5, lateral view G endotergum 7 H ozopore (o) and a seta of paratergum 17, general view I a seta (se) J stigmata (st) on segment 6, ventral view K midbody leg, frontal view (fe = femur; ta = tarsus; cl = claw) L spinnerets (sp), subventral view M left gonopod, mesal view (dp = distofemoral process; pp = papillate process) N tip of left gonopod, mesal view (lo = lobule) O female paratype, vulvae, general view (op = operculum; b = bursa).
	Figure 4. Eutrichodesmus steineri sp. n., male paratype from Cave Tham Deu. A–B right gonopod, sublateral and mesal views, respectively. Abbreviations: dp = distofemoral process; pp = papillate process; lo = lobule.
	Figure 5. Eutrichodesmus deporatus sp. n., SEM, male paratype from Cave Tham Pathok. A head (H) and left antenna, frontal view B segments 4 and 5, dorsal view C segment 3, dorsal view (m3–m5 = metaterga 3–5 D collum (Co) and segment 2 (m2 = metatergum 2), dorsal view E prozonum 15, dorsal view F segments 17–19 and telson, lateral view (m17–m19 = metaterga 17–19) G cross-section of segment 6, caudal view H segments 14 and 15, dorsal view (m14–m15 = metaterga 14–15) I telson, subventral view J spinnerets (sp), subventral view.
	Figure 6. Eutrichodesmus deporatus sp. n., SEM, male paratype from Cave Tham Pathok. A right antenna, lateral view (a1–a7 = antennomeres 1–7) B right mandible, general view (et = external tooth; it = internal tooth; pl = pectinate lamellae; ia = intermediate area; mp = molar plate) C paratergum 17 (p17) and 18 (p18), dorsal view D tip of gnathochilarium, ventral view E sternum 6, caudal view F limbus of metatergum 14, dorsal view G ozopore (o) on paratergum 17 H a seta (se) on metatergum 14, general view I stigmata (st), detail J stigmata of segment 17, subventral view K female paratype, vulvae, general view (op = operculum; b = bursa) L midbody leg, frontal view (fem = femur; ta = tarsus) M right gonopod, mesal view (dp = distofemoral process; pp = papillate process) N tip of right gonopod, mesal view (t1–2 = teeth 1–2).
	Figure 7. Eutrichodesmus deporatus sp. n., ♂ paratype from Cave Tham Pathok. A–B right gonopod, lateral and mesal views, respectively. Abbreviations: cl = coxal lobe; dp = distofemoral process; pp = papillae process; t1–2 = teeth 1–2.
	Figure 8. Eutrichodesmus paraster sp. n., SEM, male holotype from Cave Tham Long Puang. A head (H), subfrontal view B collum (Co) and segments 2–3 (m2–m3 = metaterga 2, 3), dorsal view C collum (Co), dorsal view D segments 4 and 5 (m4–m5 = metaterga 4, 5), dorsal view E segment 4 (m4 = metatergum 4), dorsal view F cross-section of segment 6, caudal view G prozonum 5, dorsal view H segments 17–19 and telson, lateral view (m17–m19 = metaterga 17–19) I telson, ventral view.
	Figure 9. Eutrichodesmus paraster sp. n., SEM, male holotype from Cave Tham Long Puang. A right antenna, lateral view (a1–a7 = antennomeres 2–7) B gnathochilarium, ventral view (lp = lateral palpus; ip = inner palpus; st = stipites; ll = lamellae linguales; m = mentum) C paratergum 2 (p2), dorsal view D right mandible, general view (et = external tooth; it = internal tooth; pl = pectinate lamellae; ia = intermediate area; mp = molar plate) E a seta (se) on metatergum 18 F paraterga 17 (p17) and 18 (p18), lateral view G limbus of metatergum 5, dorsal view H midbody leg, frontal view (fe = femur; ta = tarsus) I female paratype, vulvae, general view (op = operculum; b = bursa) J endotergum 5 K stigmata (st), ventral view.
	Figure 10. Eutrichodesmus paraster sp. n., male holotype from Cave Tham Long Puang. A–B right gonopod, lateral and mesal views, respectively C distofemoral process, subventral view. Abbreviations: cl = coxal lobe; dp = distofemoral process; lo = lobule; t = tooth.
	Figure 11. Eutrichodesmus parvus sp. n., SEM, male paratype from Cave Tham Nam Long. A head (H), frontal view B segments 3–6, subdorsal view C telson, subventral view D spinneret (sp), detail E collum (Co) and segment 2 (m2 = metatergum 2), dorsal view F segments 7–9, lateral view (m7–m9 = metaterga 7–9) G prozonum 2, dorsal view H segments 10–11, dorsal view I segments 13–15, dorsal view J segments 17–19 and telson, lateral view (m10–11, 13–15, 17–19 = metaterga 10, 11, 13–15, 17–19).
	Figure 12. Eutrichodesmus parvus sp. n., SEM, male paratype from Cave Tham Nam Long. A gnathochilarium, ventral view (lp = lateral palpus; ip = inner palpus; st = stipites; ll = lamellae linguales; m = mentum) B right mandible, general view (et = external tooth; it = internal tooth; pl = pectinate lamellae; ia = intermediate area; mp = molar plate) C tip of antenna, laterodorsal view (a6–a7 = antennomeres 6, 7) D a tubercle at fore margin of collum, dorsal view E limbus of metatergum 10, dorsal view F endotergum 9 G ozopore (o) on paratergum 17, general view H paratergum 17 (p17) and 18 (p18), lateral view I midbody leg, frontal view (fe = femur; ta = tarsus; cl = claw) J left gonopod, submesal view K half of left gonopod, detail (dp = distofemoral process; t = tooth).
	Figure 13. Eutrichodesmus parvus sp. n., male paratype from Cave Tham Nam Long. A–B right gonopod, lateral and mesal views. Abbreviations: cl = coxal lobe; dp = distofemoral process; lo = lobe; t = tooth.

References [+] :

Golovatch, Review of the millipede genus Eutrichodesmus Silvestri, 1910, in China, with descriptions of new cavernicolous species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Haplodesmidae). 2015, Pubmed