Click
here to close Hello! We notice that
you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Echinobase
and may cause the site to display incorrectly. We suggest using a
current version of Chrome,
FireFox,
or Safari.
Sci Rep
2016 Jan 13;6:19324. doi: 10.1038/srep19324.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Host-associated coral reef microbes respond to the cumulative pressures of ocean warming and ocean acidification.
Webster NS
,
Negri AP
,
Botté ES
,
Laffy PW
,
Flores F
,
Noonan S
,
Schmidt C
,
Uthicke S
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Key calcifying reef taxa are currently threatened by thermal stress associated with elevated sea surface temperatures (SST) and reduced calcification linked to ocean acidification (OA). Here we undertook an 8 week experimental exposure to near-future climate change conditions and explored the microbiome response of the corals Acropora millepora and Seriatopora hystrix, the crustose coralline algae Hydrolithon onkodes, the foraminifera Marginopora vertebralis and Heterostegina depressa and the sea urchin Echinometra sp. Microbial communities of all taxa were tolerant of elevated pCO2/reduced pH, exhibiting stable microbial communities between pH 8.1 (pCO2 479-499 μatm) and pH 7.9 (pCO2 738-835 μatm). In contrast, microbial communities of the CCA and foraminifera were sensitive to elevated seawater temperature, with a significant microbial shift involving loss of specific taxa and appearance of novel microbial groups occurring between 28 and 31 °C. An interactive effect between stressors was also identified, with distinct communities developing under different pCO2 conditions only evident at 31 °C. Microbiome analysis of key calcifying coral reef species under near-future climate conditions highlights the importance of assessing impacts from both increased SST and OA, as combinations of these global stressors can amplify microbial shifts which may have concomitant impacts for coral reef structure and function.
Figure 1. Heatmap illustrating the distribution of 454 amplicon
reads for each species across all temperature and pCO2
treatments.The average number of reads per taxa is calculated from the
percentage of total reads in each sample. The heatmap represents the Phyla level with the exception
of the Proteobacteria which have been represented at the Class level. Am = Acropora millepora, Sh = Seriatopora hystrix, Ho = Hydrolithon onkodes, Hd = Heterstegina depressa, Mv = Marginopora vertebralis, Ec = Echinometra sp. and Sw = seawater. The mean percentage ± standard error of each bacterial taxa in individual samples is presented in SOM Tables 1–7.
Figure 2. Distance based redundancy analyses (dbRDA) using a Bray Curtis distance matrix to summarise the variation in composition of bacterial communities for A. millepora, S. hystrix, H. depressa and M. vertebralis that was attributable to treatment (ie temperature or pCO2).pH 7.9 is represented by red circles and pH 8.1 by orange circles and all points within each temperature are joined. For clarity, vectors and taxonomic affiliations (including OTU identifiers) are only shown for the 1% most discriminating OTUs.
Figure 3. Distance based redundancy analyses (dbRDA) using a Bray Curtis distance matrix to summarise the variation in composition of bacterial communities for H. onkodes, Echinometra sp. and seawater that was attributable to treatment (ie temperature or pCO2).pH 7.9 is represented by red circles and pH 8.1 by orange circles and all points within each temperature are joined. For clarity, vectors and taxonomic affiliations (including OTU identifiers) are only shown for the 1% most discriminating OTUs.
Altschul,
Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs.
1997, Pubmed
Altschul,
Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs.
1997,
Pubmed
Anthony,
Ocean acidification causes bleaching and productivity loss in coral reef builders.
2008,
Pubmed
Arakaki,
Comparative studies of the genus echinometra from okinawa and mauritius.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Bayer,
The microbiome of the Red Sea coral Stylophora pistillata is dominated by tissue-associated Endozoicomonas bacteria.
2013,
Pubmed
Beman,
Global declines in oceanic nitrification rates as a consequence of ocean acidification.
2011,
Pubmed
Bourne,
Changes in coral-associated microbial communities during a bleaching event.
2008,
Pubmed
Bourne,
Coral reef invertebrate microbiomes correlate with the presence of photosymbionts.
2013,
Pubmed
Castillo,
[In vitro evaluation of antibacterial substances produced by bacteria isolated from different marine organisms].
2001,
Pubmed
Chen,
The dynamics of microbial partnerships in the coral Isopora palifera.
2011,
Pubmed
DeSantis,
Greengenes, a chimera-checked 16S rRNA gene database and workbench compatible with ARB.
2006,
Pubmed
Edgar,
UCHIME improves sensitivity and speed of chimera detection.
2011,
Pubmed
Fan,
Marine microbial symbiosis heats up: the phylogenetic and functional response of a sponge holobiont to thermal stress.
2013,
Pubmed
Hoegh-Guldberg,
Coral reefs under rapid climate change and ocean acidification.
2007,
Pubmed
Joint,
Will ocean acidification affect marine microbes?
2011,
Pubmed
Kimes,
Microbial functional structure of Montastraea faveolata, an important Caribbean reef-building coral, differs between healthy and yellow-band diseased colonies.
2010,
Pubmed
Lesser,
Discovery of symbiotic nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria in corals.
2004,
Pubmed
Littman,
Responses of coral-associated bacterial communities to heat stress differ with Symbiodinium type on the same coral host.
2010,
Pubmed
Littman,
Diversities of coral-associated bacteria differ with location, but not species, for three acroporid corals on the Great Barrier Reef.
2009,
Pubmed
Littman,
Metagenomic analysis of the coral holobiont during a natural bleaching event on the Great Barrier Reef.
2011,
Pubmed
Meron,
The impact of reduced pH on the microbial community of the coral Acropora eurystoma.
2011,
Pubmed
Morrow,
Natural volcanic CO2 seeps reveal future trajectories for host-microbial associations in corals and sponges.
2015,
Pubmed
Orr,
Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty-first century and its impact on calcifying organisms.
2005,
Pubmed
Pruesse,
SILVA: a comprehensive online resource for quality checked and aligned ribosomal RNA sequence data compatible with ARB.
2007,
Pubmed
Raina,
Do the organic sulfur compounds DMSP and DMS drive coral microbial associations?
2010,
Pubmed
Raina,
Coral-associated bacteria and their role in the biogeochemical cycling of sulfur.
2009,
Pubmed
Santos,
Climate change affects key nitrogen-fixing bacterial populations on coral reefs.
2014,
Pubmed
Schloss,
Reducing the effects of PCR amplification and sequencing artifacts on 16S rRNA-based studies.
2011,
Pubmed
Shi,
Effect of ocean acidification on iron availability to marine phytoplankton.
2010,
Pubmed
Tebben,
Induction of larval metamorphosis of the coral Acropora millepora by tetrabromopyrrole isolated from a Pseudoalteromonas bacterium.
2011,
Pubmed
van Dam,
Additive pressures of elevated sea surface temperatures and herbicides on symbiont-bearing foraminifera.
2012,
Pubmed
Vega Thurber,
Chronic nutrient enrichment increases prevalence and severity of coral disease and bleaching.
2014,
Pubmed
Vega Thurber,
Metagenomic analysis indicates that stressors induce production of herpes-like viruses in the coral Porites compressa.
2008,
Pubmed
Vega Thurber,
Metagenomic analysis of stressed coral holobionts.
2009,
Pubmed
Webster,
Near-future ocean acidification causes differences in microbial associations within diverse coral reef taxa.
2013,
Pubmed
Webster,
Temperature thresholds for bacterial symbiosis with a sponge.
2008,
Pubmed
Webster,
Ocean acidification reduces induction of coral settlement by crustose coralline algae.
2013,
Pubmed
Webster,
Elevated seawater temperature causes a microbial shift on crustose coralline algae with implications for the recruitment of coral larvae.
2011,
Pubmed
Wegley,
Metagenomic analysis of the microbial community associated with the coral Porites astreoides.
2007,
Pubmed
