Song JY et al. (2014), Genetic Diversity and Pathogenicity of Cylindro...

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Mycobiology 2014 Jun 01;422:174-80. doi: 10.5941/MYCO.2014.42.2.174.

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Genetic Diversity and Pathogenicity of Cylindrocarpon destructans Isolates Obtained from Korean Panax ginseng.

Song JY , Seo MW , Kim SI , Nam MH , Lim HS , Kim HG .

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We analyzed the genetic diversity of Cylindrocarpon destructans isolates obtained from Korean ginseng (i.e., Panax ginseng) roots by performing virulence tests and nuclear ribosomal gene internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and mitochondrial small subunit (mt SSU) rDNA sequence analysis. The phylogenetic relationship analysis performed using ITS DNA sequences and isolates from other hosts helped confirm that all the Korean C. destructans isolates belonged to Nectria/Neonectria radicicola complex. The results of in vivo and ex vivo virulence tests showed that the C. destructans isolates could be divided into two groups according to their distinctive difference in virulence and the genetic diversity. The highly virulent Korean isolates in pathogenicity group II (PG II), together with foreign isolates from P. ginseng and P. quinquefolius, formed a single group. The weakly virulent isolates in pathogenicity group I, together with the foreign isolates from other host plants, formed another group and exhibited a greater genetic diversity than the isolates of PG II, as confirmed by the mt SSU rDNA sequence analysis. In addition, as the weakly virulent Korean isolates were genetically very similar to the foreign isolates from other hosts, they were likely to originate from hosts other than the ginseng plants.

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References [+] :

Chaverri, Delimitation of Neonectria and Cylindrocarpon (Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Ascomycota) and related genera with Cylindrocarpon-like anamorphs. 2011, Pubmed, Echinobase

	Fig. 1. Optical images showing symptoms of root rot due to Cylindrocarpon destructans on wounded 2-year-old ginseng plants ex vivo (A), and field-grown ginseng plants affected by weakly (PG I) and highly (PG II) aggressive C. destructans isolates in vivo (B).
	Fig. 2. Phylogenetic analysis of Korean ginseng Cylindrocarpon destructans isolates with respect to the Nectria/Neonectria radicicola complex of Seifert et al. [16] by using internal transcribed spacer sequence region. The bootstrap analysis was performed with 1,000 replications.
	Fig. 3. Phylogenetic analysis of other host plants and closely related isolates with respect to Korean ginseng Cylindrocarpon destructans isolates by using mitochondrial small subunit rDNA. The bootstrap analysis was performed with 1,000 replications.