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Biomed Res Int
2014 Jan 01;2014:632570. doi: 10.1155/2014/632570.
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Topical application of retinyl palmitate-loaded nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems for the treatment of skin aging.
Oliveira MB
,
do Prado AH
,
Bernegossi J
,
Sato CS
,
Lourenço Brunetti I
,
Scarpa MV
,
Leonardi GR
,
Friberg SE
,
Chorilli M
.
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The objective of this study was to perform a structural characterization and evaluate the in vitro safety profile and in vitro antioxidant activity of liquid crystalline systems (LCS) with and without retinyl palmitate (RP). LCS containing polyether functional siloxane (PFS) as a surfactant, silicon glycol copolymer (SGC) as oil phase, and water in the ratios 30 : 25 : 45 and 40 : 50 : 10 with (OLS(v) = RP-loaded opaque liquid system and TLS(v) = RP-loaded transparent liquid system, respectively) and without (OLS and TLS, respectively) RP were studied. Samples were characterized using polarized light microscopy (PLM) and rheology analysis. In vitro safety profile was evaluated using red cell hemolysis and in vitro cytotoxicity assays. In vitro antioxidant activity was performed by the DPPH method. PLM analysis showed the presence of lamellar LCS just to TLS. Regardless of the presence of RP, the rheological studies showed the pseudoplastic behavior of the formulations. The results showed that the incorporation of RP in LCS improved the safety profile of the drug. In vitro antioxidant activity suggests that LCS presented a higher capacity to maintain the antioxidant activity of RP. PFS-based systems may be a promising platform for RP topical application for the treatment of skin aging.
Figure 1. Molecular structure of retinyl palmitate.
Figure 2. Ternary phase diagram, with ⚪ and the square (□) representing the selected regions, where TVS is transparent viscous system, OVS is opaque and viscous system, TLS is transparent liquid system, OLS is opaque liquid system, and PS is phase separation.
Figure 3. Images obtained by Polarized light microscopy: (a) transparent liquid system (TLS) showed Maltese crosses; (b) opaque liquid system (OLS) showed dark field. The objects are air bubbles (magnified of 20x).
Figure 4. Rheogram of the systems studied, where OLS is opaque liquid system, OLSv is RP-loaded opaque liquid system, TLS is transparent liquid system, and TLSv is RP-loaded transparent liquid system. The solid symbols represent the upper curves and the hollow symbols represent the lower curves.
Figure 5. Percentage of cell viability of RP free, transparent liquid system (TLS), opaque liquid system (OLS), RP-loaded transparent liquid system (TLSv), and RP-loaded opaque liquid system (OLSv).
Figure 6. Percentage of inhibition of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical by formulations over a period of 28 days. RP free: retinyl palmitate free, TLSv: retinyl palmitate-loaded transparent liquid system, TLS: transparent liquid system, OLSv: retinyl palmitate-loaded opaque liquid system, and OLS: opaque liquid system.
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