Click
here to close Hello! We notice that
you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Echinobase
and may cause the site to display incorrectly. We suggest using a
current version of Chrome,
FireFox,
or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Nanos is a translational regulator required for the survival and maintenance of primordial germ cells during embryogenesis. Three nanos homologs are present in the genome of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (Sp), and each nanos mRNA accumulates specifically in the small micromere (sMic) lineage. We found that a highly conserved element in the 3'' UTR of nanos2 is sufficient for reporter expression selectively in the sMic lineage: microinjection into a Sp fertilized egg of an RNA that contains the GFP open reading frame followed by Sp nanos2 3''UTR leads to selective reporter enrichment in the small micromeres in blastulae. The same result was seen with nanos2 from the sea urchin Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus (Hp). In both species, the 5''UTR alone is not sufficient for the sMic localization but it always increased the sMic reporter enrichment when present with the 3''UTR. We defined an element conserved between Hp and Sp in the nanos2 3''UTR which is necessary and sufficient for protein enrichment in the sMic, and refer to it as GNARLE (Global Nanos Associated RNA Lability Element). We also found that the nanos2 3''UTR is essential for the selective RNA retention in the small micromeres; GNARLE is required but not sufficient for this process. These results show that a combination of selective RNA retention and translational control mechanisms instills nanos accumulation uniquely in the sMic lineage.
Asaoka-Taguchi,
Maternal Pumilio acts together with Nanos in germline development in Drosophila embryos.
1999, Pubmed
Asaoka-Taguchi,
Maternal Pumilio acts together with Nanos in germline development in Drosophila embryos.
1999,
Pubmed Becalska,
Aubergine is a component of a nanos mRNA localization complex.
2011,
Pubmed Bhat,
The posterior determinant gene nanos is required for the maintenance of the adult germline stem cells during Drosophila oogenesis.
1999,
Pubmed Brechbiel,
Spatial regulation of nanos is required for its function in dendrite morphogenesis.
2008,
Pubmed Chatterjee,
Role of 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions of mRNAs in human diseases.
2009,
Pubmed Cheers,
Rapid microinjection of fertilized eggs.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase Cho,
Cap-dependent translational inhibition establishes two opposing morphogen gradients in Drosophila embryos.
2006,
Pubmed D'Agostino,
Translational repression restricts expression of the C. elegans Nanos homolog NOS-2 to the embryonic germline.
2006,
Pubmed Forbes,
Nanos and Pumilio have critical roles in the development and function of Drosophila germline stem cells.
1998,
Pubmed Fujii,
Role of the nanos homolog during sea urchin development.
2009,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase Fujii,
Developmental expression of HpNanos, the Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus homologue of nanos.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase Gavis,
A conserved 90 nucleotide element mediates translational repression of nanos RNA.
1996,
Pubmed Gavis,
Identification of cis-acting sequences that control nanos RNA localization.
1996,
Pubmed Gustafson,
Post-translational regulation by gustavus contributes to selective Vasa protein accumulation in multipotent cells during embryogenesis.
2011,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase Irish,
The Drosophila posterior-group gene nanos functions by repressing hunchback activity.
1989,
Pubmed Jain,
The Drosophila hnRNP M homolog Rumpelstiltskin regulates nanos mRNA localization.
2008,
Pubmed Juliano,
Nanos functions to maintain the fate of the small micromere lineage in the sea urchin embryo.
2010,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase Juliano,
Germ line determinants are not localized early in sea urchin development, but do accumulate in the small micromere lineage.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase Kalifa,
Glorund, a Drosophila hnRNP F/H homolog, is an ovarian repressor of nanos translation.
2006,
Pubmed Kloc,
The targeting of Xcat2 mRNA to the germinal granules depends on a cis-acting germinal granule localization element within the 3'UTR.
2000,
Pubmed Köprunner,
A zebrafish nanos-related gene is essential for the development of primordial germ cells.
2001,
Pubmed Kraemer,
NANOS-3 and FBF proteins physically interact to control the sperm-oocyte switch in Caenorhabditis elegans.
1999,
Pubmed Lai,
Nanos1 functions as a translational repressor in the Xenopus germline.
2011,
Pubmed Lee,
Molecular phylogenies and divergence times of sea urchin species of Strongylocentrotidae, Echinoida.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase Luo,
Xenopus germline nanos1 is translationally repressed by a novel structure-based mechanism.
2011,
Pubmed Menon,
The translational repressors Nanos and Pumilio have divergent effects on presynaptic terminal growth and postsynaptic glutamate receptor subunit composition.
2009,
Pubmed Minokawa,
Expression patterns of four different regulatory genes that function during sea urchin development.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase Mishima,
Differential regulation of germline mRNAs in soma and germ cells by zebrafish miR-430.
2006,
Pubmed Mochizuki,
Expression and evolutionary conservation of nanos-related genes in Hydra.
2000,
Pubmed Rabinowitz,
Nanos is required in somatic blast cell lineages in the posterior of a mollusk embryo.
2008,
Pubmed Rebscher,
Vasa unveils a common origin of germ cells and of somatic stem cells from the posterior growth zone in the polychaete Platynereis dumerilii.
2007,
Pubmed Rouget,
Maternal mRNA deadenylation and decay by the piRNA pathway in the early Drosophila embryo.
2010,
Pubmed Saito,
Visualization of primordial germ cells in vivo using GFP-nos1 3'UTR mRNA.
2006,
Pubmed Smibert,
smaug protein represses translation of unlocalized nanos mRNA in the Drosophila embryo.
1996,
Pubmed Song,
Select microRNAs are essential for early development in the sea urchin.
2012,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase Sonoda,
Recruitment of Nanos to hunchback mRNA by Pumilio.
1999,
Pubmed Subramaniam,
nos-1 and nos-2, two genes related to Drosophila nanos, regulate primordial germ cell development and survival in Caenorhabditis elegans.
1999,
Pubmed Suzuki,
The Nanos3-3'UTR is required for germ cell specific NANOS3 expression in mouse embryos.
2010,
Pubmed Takeda,
DAZL relieves miRNA-mediated repression of germline mRNAs by controlling poly(A) tail length in zebrafish.
2009,
Pubmed Tsuda,
Conserved role of nanos proteins in germ cell development.
2003,
Pubmed Voronina,
Vasa protein expression is restricted to the small micromeres of the sea urchin, but is inducible in other lineages early in development.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase Wang,
nanos function is essential for development and regeneration of planarian germ cells.
2007,
Pubmed Wang,
Genetics of nanos localization in Drosophila.
1994,
Pubmed Wang,
Nanos is the localized posterior determinant in Drosophila.
1991,
Pubmed Wharton,
RNA regulatory elements mediate control of Drosophila body pattern by the posterior morphogen nanos.
1991,
Pubmed Wu,
Cancer. Germ cell genes and cancer.
2010,
Pubmed Yajima,
Small micromeres contribute to the germline in the sea urchin.
2011,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
