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BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent chronic liver disease in industrialized countries. The present study was undertaken to explore the preventive effect of dietary sea cucumber cerebroside (SCC) extracted from Acaudina molpadioides in fatty liver rats.
METHODS: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups including normal control group, NAFLD model group, and two SCC-treated groups with SCC at 0.006% and 0.03% respectively. The fatty liver model was established by administration of 1% orotic acid (OA) to the rats. After 10d, serum and hepatic lipid levels were detected. And the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities were also determined. Besides, to gain the potential mechanism, the changes of key enzymes and gene expressions related to the hepatic lipid metabolism were measured.
RESULTS: Dietary SCC at the level of 0.006% and 0.03% ameliorated the hepatic lipid accumulation in fatty liver rats. SCC administration elevated the serum triglyceride (TG) level and the ALT, AST activities in OA-fed rats. The activities of hepatic lipogenic enzymes including fatty acid synthase (FAS), malic enzyme (ME) and glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase (G6PDH) were inhibited by SCC treatment. And the gene expressions of FAS, ME, G6PDH and sterol-regulatory element binding protein (SREBP-1c) were also reduced in rats fed SCC. However, dietary SCC didn''t affect the activity and mRNA expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) in liver. Besides, suppression of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) activity was observed in SCC-feeding rats.
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggested that dietary SCC could attenuate hepatic steatosis due to its inhibition of hepatic lipogenic gene expression and enzyme activity and the enhancement of TG secretion from liver.
Figure 1. The structure of SCC from Acaudina molpadioides.
Figure 3. Effect of SCC on the mRNA expression of lipogenic genes in the liver of the rats. The mRNA expression of genes involved in lipogenesis SREBP-1c, FAS, ME and G6PDH in rats fed Cont or OA-supplemented diet or the diet with OA + 0.03% SCC for 10d. Values are expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean of six rats. *P < 0.05 , different from the control group; #P < 0.05, different from the OA group.
Figure 4. Effect of SCC on the CPT enzyme activity and mRNA expression in the liver of the rats. The activtiy of CPT in rats fed Cont or OA-supplemented diet or the diet with OA + 0.006% SCC or OA + 0.03% SCC and the mRNA expression of gene CPT1a in rats fed Cont or OA-supplemented diet or the diet withOA + 0.03% SCC for 10d. Values are expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean of six rats. *P < 0.05 , different from the control group.
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