Okanishi M et al. (2011), A new genus Squamophis of Asteroschematidae (Ec...

ECB-ART-42197

Zookeys 2011 Jan 01;129:1-15. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.129.1202.

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A new genus Squamophis of Asteroschematidae (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea, Euryalida) from Australia.

Okanishi M , O'Hara TD , Fujita T .

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Squamophis, a new genus of brittle star is described. Two species are included in the genus: Squamophis amamiensis (Okanishi & Fujita, 2009) from south-western Japan and Squamophis albozosteressp. n. from north-western Australia. Squamophisgen. n. is distinguished from the other genera of the family Asteroschematidae by the following characters: each radial shield is single-layered and is completely covered by plate-shaped epidermal ossicles, and the relative length of the longest arm spine throughout the arms is as long as the length of the corresponding arm segment. Squamophis albozosteressp. n. is distinguished from Squamophis amamiensis in having white, slightly domed, plate-shaped epidermal ossicles on the aboral side of the body, the ossicles on aboral and lateral portion of the arms form transverse rows, and the other part of aboral side of disc and basal to middle portion of arms are brown but tip of the arms are light purple.

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Genes referenced: LOC579609

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	Figure 1. SEM photographs of radial shields of Asteroschema tubiferum (NSMT E-2110) (A) and Squamophis albozosteres sp. n., paratype(MV F-162658) (B). A multi-layered radial shield B single-layered radial shields. The left side of the images are towards the center of the disc and the right side towards the disc margin.
	Figure 2. Collected sites of Squamophis albozosteres sp. n. Northern solid circle is for Ashmore Reef and southern one is off Broome.
	Figure 3. Squamophis albozosteres sp. n., holotype (MV F162657). A aboral view B oral view. Arrows indicate the arm of another ophiuroid gripped by Squamophis albozosteres.
	Figure 4. Squamophis albozosteres sp. n., holotype (MV F162657). A aboral disc and basal portion of the arms B periphery of the disc and basal portion of the arm C aboral central disc D oral disc E oral central disc F jaws G oral periphery of the disc H lateral interradius of the disc. Abbreviations: GS - genital slit; O - oral papillae; T - teeth; Ten - Tentacles.
	Figure 5. Squamophis albozosteres sp. n., holotype (MV F162657). A, B aboral basal portion of the arm C oral basal portion of the arm D aboral middle portion of the arm, each arrow head indicates a row of white ossicles E oral middle portion of the arm F lateral middle portion of the arm, each arrow head indicates a row of white ossicles G oral distal portion of the arm H lateral distal portion of the arm. Abbreviations: - AS arm spine; LAP - lateral arm plate; Ten - tentacles.
	Figure 6. A–K. Squamophis albozosteres sp. n., paratype(MV F162658). SEM photographs of internal ossicles. A, B polygonal plate-shaped epidermal ossicles at the aboral periphery of the disc, external (A) and lateral (B) views C, D domed plate-shaped epidermal ossicles at the periphery of the disc, external (C) and lateral (D) views E, F domed plate-shaped epidermal ossicles on the aboral middle portion of the arm, external (E) and lateral (F) views G, H granule-shaped epidermal ossicles on the oral middle portion of the arm, external (G) and lateral (H) views I–K arm spines from basal (I), middle (J) and distal (K) portion of the arm. Arrows indicate the orientation (B, D, F, H): ext - external side; int - internal side.
	Figure 7. Squamophis albozosteres sp. n., paratype(MV F162658). SEM photographs of internal ossicles. A lateral arm plate from middle portion of the arm B, C vertebrae from middle (B) and distal (C) portion of the arm, oral views. Abbreviations: MO - muscle opening; NO - nerve opening.

References [+] :

Okanishi, Molecular phylogeny of the order Euryalida (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea), based on mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal genes. 2011, Pubmed, Echinobase