Click
here to close Hello! We notice that
you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Echinobase
and may cause the site to display incorrectly. We suggest using a
current version of Chrome,
FireFox,
or Safari.
Dev Genes Evol
2007 Sep 01;2179:651-63. doi: 10.1007/s00427-007-0174-z.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
SpGataE, a Strongylocentrotus purpuratus ortholog of mammalian Gata4/5/6: protein expression, interaction with putative target gene spec2a, and identification of friend of Gata factor SpFog1.
???displayArticle.abstract???
In the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuatus, SpGataE, an ortholog of the vertebrate zinc-finger transcription factors Gata4/5/6, occupies a key position in the gene regulatory network for endomesoderm specification. We have posited that in addition to regulating gene activity required for endomesoderm specification, SpGataE also represses the expression of the aboral ectoderm-specific spec2a gene in endomesoderm territories. Although the expression pattern of spgatae and its role in endomesoderm specification have been described in considerable detail, little is known about SpGataE protein accumulation and its interactions with target genes and coregulatory factors. Our purpose here was to gain further insight into the mechanisms by which SpGataE functions as a transcriptional regulator. To achieve this, we generated an anti-SpGataE antibody to determine the spatiotemporal expression pattern of SpGataE protein and establish whether it plays a role in repressing spec2a by binding to gata cis-regulatory elements within the endogenous spec2a enhancer. Because Gata proteins often associate with friend of Gata (Fog) coregulators, we identified an S. purpuratus fog ortholog, spfog1, and showed that SpGataE and SpFog1 physically interacted. Spfog1 transcripts were maximal by early blastula stage but continued thereafter to be expressed at low levels. Knockdown of spfog1 using antisense morpholino oligonucleotides did not produce notable effects on endomesoderm specification or spec2a enhancer activity, suggesting that SpGataE exerts these functions independently of SpFog1. In addition to providing new information on Gata and Fog proteins in sea urchins, the anti-SpGataE antibody developed here should be a useful reagent for future analysis of SpGataE function.
Angerer,
Sea urchin goosecoid function links fate specification along the animal-vegetal and oral-aboral embryonic axes.
2001, Pubmed,
Echinobase
Angerer,
Sea urchin goosecoid function links fate specification along the animal-vegetal and oral-aboral embryonic axes.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Ben-Tabou de-Leon,
Deciphering the underlying mechanism of specification and differentiation: the sea urchin gene regulatory network.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Cantor,
Coregulation of GATA factors by the Friend of GATA (FOG) family of multitype zinc finger proteins.
2005,
Pubmed
Davidson,
Gene regulatory networks and the evolution of animal body plans.
2006,
Pubmed
Davidson,
A genomic regulatory network for development.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Dayal,
Creation of cis-regulatory elements during sea urchin evolution by co-option and optimization of a repetitive sequence adjacent to the spec2a gene.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Di Caro,
Constitutive promoter occupancy by the MBF-1 activator and chromatin modification of the developmental regulated sea urchin alpha-H2A histone gene.
2007,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Hanes,
A genetic model for interaction of the homeodomain recognition helix with DNA.
1991,
Pubmed
Hardin,
Spec2 genes of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Structure and differential expression in embryonic aboral ectoderm cells.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Hinman,
Developmental gene regulatory network architecture across 500 million years of echinoderm evolution.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Hinman,
Expression of a gene encoding a Gata transcription factor during embryogenesis of the starfish Asterina miniata.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Howard-Ashby,
Gene families encoding transcription factors expressed in early development of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Kimelman,
Vertebrate mesendoderm induction and patterning.
2000,
Pubmed
Kiyama,
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus transcription factor GATA-E binds to and represses transcription at an Otx-Goosecoid cis-regulatory element within the aboral ectoderm-specific spec2a enhancer.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Lee,
Expression of Spgatae, the Strongylocentrotus purpuratus ortholog of vertebrate GATA4/5/6 factors.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Letting,
Context-dependent regulation of GATA-1 by friend of GATA-1.
2004,
Pubmed
Levine,
Gene regulatory networks for development.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Maduro,
Endomesoderm specification in Caenorhabditis elegans and other nematodes.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Mao,
Multiple Otx binding sites required for expression of the Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Spec2a gene.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Molkentin,
The zinc finger-containing transcription factors GATA-4, -5, and -6. Ubiquitously expressed regulators of tissue-specific gene expression.
2000,
Pubmed
Okumura,
An endoderm-specific GATA factor gene, dGATAe, is required for the terminal differentiation of the Drosophila endoderm.
2005,
Pubmed
Oliveri,
Gene regulatory network analysis in sea urchin embryos.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Oliveri,
Repression of mesodermal fate by foxa, a key endoderm regulator of the sea urchin embryo.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Poortinga,
Drosophila CtBP: a Hairy-interacting protein required for embryonic segmentation and hairy-mediated transcriptional repression.
1998,
Pubmed
Rodaway,
Mesendoderm. an ancient germ layer?
2001,
Pubmed
Sodergren,
The genome of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Svensson,
A functionally conserved N-terminal domain of the friend of GATA-2 (FOG-2) protein represses GATA4-dependent transcription.
2000,
Pubmed
Technau,
Origin and evolution of endoderm and mesoderm.
2003,
Pubmed
Tokusumi,
U-shaped protein domains required for repression of cardiac gene expression in Drosophila.
2007,
Pubmed
Treisman,
A single amino acid can determine the DNA binding specificity of homeodomain proteins.
1989,
Pubmed
Turner,
Cloning and characterization of mCtBP2, a co-repressor that associates with basic Krüppel-like factor and other mammalian transcriptional regulators.
1998,
Pubmed
Villinski,
Structure, expression, and transcriptional regulation of the Strongylocentrotus franciscanus spec gene family encoding intracellular calcium-binding proteins.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Wang,
Maternal and embryonic provenance of a sea urchin embryo transcription factor, SpZ12-1.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Wardle,
Transcriptional regulation of mesendoderm formation in Xenopus.
2006,
Pubmed
Wei,
A database of mRNA expression patterns for the sea urchin embryo.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Yuh,
Correct Expression of spec2a in the sea urchin embryo requires both Otx and other cis-regulatory elements.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
