J Cell Biochem 2007 May 01;1011:1-8. doi: 10.1002/jcb.21056.

Nuclear cysteine-protease involved in male chromatin remodeling after fertilization is ubiquitously distributed during sea urchin development.

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Previously we have identified a cysteine-protease involved in male chromatin remodeling which segregates into the nuclei of the two blastomeres at the first cleavage division. Here we have investigated the fate of this protease during early embryogenesis by immunodetecting this protein with antibodies elicited against its N-terminal sequence. As shown in this report, the major 60 kDa active form of this protease was found to be present in the extracts of chromosomal proteins obtained from all developmental stages analyzed. In morula and gastrula the 70 kDa inactive precursor, which corresponds to the major form of the zymogen found in unfertilized eggs, was detected. In plutei larvas, the major 60 kDa form of this enzyme was found together with a higher molecular weight precursor (90 kDa) which is consistent with the less abundant zymogen primarily detected in unfertilized eggs. As reported here, either the active protease or its zymogens were visualized in most of the embryonic territories indicating that this enzyme lacks a specific pattern of spatial-temporal developmental segregation. Taken together our results indicate that this protease persists in the embryo and is ubiquitously distributed up to larval stages of development, either as an active enzyme and/or as an inactive precursor. These results suggest that this enzyme may display yet unknown functions during embryonic development that complement its role in male chromatin remodeling after fertilization.

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Genes referenced: LOC100887844 LOC752081 LOC756768