J Infect Dis 2003 Feb 15;1874:640-9. doi: 10.1086/373996.

Assessment in mice of the therapeutic potential of tailored, multivalent Shiga toxin carbohydrate ligands.

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The therapeutic potential of 2 soluble multivalent receptor-based inhibitors of Shiga toxin (Stx) 1 and Stx2 was determined in mice. One of these, Starfish, protected mice when it was injected subcutaneously in admixture with a lethal dose of Stx1 but not Stx2. Starfish also reduced the distribution of (125)I-Stx1 but not (125)I-Stx2 to the murine kidney and brain. A modified version of Starfish, called "Daisy," in which the Stx alpha Gal(1,4)beta Gal(1,4)beta Glc receptors were installed on the core glucose structure via a modified tethering strategy, protected mice against both Stx1 and Stx2. Daisy also protected streptomycin-treated mice from Escherichia coli O91:H21 and did not interfere with the ability of the murine immune system to produce Stx-specific protective antibodies. These results extend the possibility of using soluble carbohydrate-based receptor inhibitors to prevent Stx-mediated complications arising from infections with enterohemorrhagic E. coli serotypes.

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Genes referenced: LOC373476 LOC591473