Click
here to close Hello! We notice that
you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Echinobase
and may cause the site to display incorrectly. We suggest using a
current version of Chrome,
FireFox,
or Safari.
Nucleic Acids Res
1990 Sep 11;1817:5255-63. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.17.5255.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Chromatin structure of the developmentally regulated early histone genes of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.
Fronk J
,
Tank GA
,
Langmore JP
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Chromatin organization of the early histone gene repeat was studied at the early embryonic stages of the sea urchin S. purpuratus. Micrococcal nuclease digestion showed a highly irregular packaging of the whole repeat at the period of transcriptional activity, which was progressively replaced by more regular nucleosomal arrays upon developmentally programmed inactivation. No evidence for unique positioning of the nucleosomes was found. Regions upstream of each of the genes were hypersensitive to DNAase I digestion in the active state. These regions contained one (H2A and H2B), or two (H3 and H4) well-defined DNAase I cutting sites, or two poorly-defined sites (H1). They mapped within DNA sequences shown previously to be required for proper expression of the genes. Hypersensitivity continued in the hatching blastula, which have a conventional nucleosomal structure and a much reduced transcriptional activity. Hypersensitivity of these regions during morula and early blastula was not dependent on the torsional strain in chromatin, as it was not influenced by extensive gamma ray-induced nicking of the DNA in nuclei. By late blastula no hypersensitive regions were present.
Anderson,
Site and stage specific action of endogenous nuclease and micrococcal nuclease on histone genes of sea urchin embryos.
1986, Pubmed,
Echinobase
Anderson,
Site and stage specific action of endogenous nuclease and micrococcal nuclease on histone genes of sea urchin embryos.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Bakayev,
Nucleosomes and subnucleosomes: heterogeneity and composition.
1977,
Pubmed
Bellard,
Disruption of the typical chromatin structure in a 2500 base-pair region at the 5' end of the actively transcribed ovalbumin gene.
1982,
Pubmed
Birnstiel,
Transcription termination and 3' processing: the end is in site!
1985,
Pubmed
Bryan,
Major changes in the 5' and 3' chromatin structure of sea urchin histone genes accompany their activation and inactivation in development.
1983,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Cohen,
Nucleosome disruption precedes transcription and is largely limited to the transcribed domain of globin genes in murine erythroleukemia cells.
1985,
Pubmed
Cook,
Supercoils in human DNA.
1975,
Pubmed
Czupryn,
Lack of nucleosomal structure in a DNase-I-solubilized transcriptionally active chromatin fraction of Physarum polycephalum.
1985,
Pubmed
Dailey,
Distinct transcription factors bind specifically to two regions of the human histone H4 promoter.
1986,
Pubmed
DiLiberto,
Developmental control of promoter-specific factors responsible for the embryonic activation and inactivation of the sea urchin early histone H3 gene.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Dynan,
Modularity in promoters and enhancers.
1989,
Pubmed
Eissenberg,
Selected topics in chromatin structure.
1985,
Pubmed
Fisher,
Comparison of the folding of beta-globin and ovalbumin gene containing chromatin isolated from chicken oviduct and erythrocytes.
1986,
Pubmed
Gross,
Nuclease hypersensitive sites in chromatin.
1988,
Pubmed
Grosschedl,
Delimitation of far upstream sequences required for maximal in vitro transcription of an H2A histone gene.
1982,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Hewish,
The calcium dependent endonuclease activity of isolated nuclear preparations. Relationships between its occurrence and the occurrence of other classes of enzymes found in nuclear preparations.
1973,
Pubmed
Ip,
Hormonal regulation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene expression is mediated through modulation of an already disrupted chromatin structure.
1989,
Pubmed
Karpov,
Chromatin structure of hsp 70 genes, activated by heat shock: selective removal of histones from the coding region and their absence from the 5' region.
1984,
Pubmed
Kedes,
Histone genes and histone messengers.
1979,
Pubmed
Kimura,
Selective unfolding of erythroid chromatin in the region of the active beta-globin gene.
1984,
Pubmed
Kirov,
Presence of nucleosomal repeat in the transcribed alpha globin gene of induced murine erythroleukemia cells.
1985,
Pubmed
Lai,
Both basal and ontogenic promoter elements affect the timing and level of expression of a sea urchin H1 gene during early embryogenesis.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Liu,
Supercoiling of the DNA template during transcription.
1987,
Pubmed
Lohr,
Detailed analysis of the nucleosomal organization of transcribed DNA in yeast chromatin.
1981,
Pubmed
Luchnik,
Inhibition of transcription in eukaryotic cells by X-irradiation: relation to the loss of topological constraint in closed DNA loops.
1988,
Pubmed
Mauron,
Monocistronic transcription is the physiological mechanism of sea urchin embryonic histone gene expression.
1981,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Maxson,
Expression and organization of histone genes.
1983,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Nedospasov,
Non-random cleavage of SV40 DNA in the compact minichromosome and free in solution by micrococcal nuclease.
1980,
Pubmed
Overton,
Length and sequence heterogeneity of the histone gene repeat unit of the sea urchin, S. purpuratus.
1978,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Pavlovic,
The effects of transcription on the nucleosome structure of four Dictyostelium genes.
1989,
Pubmed
Pederson,
Core particle, fiber, and transcriptionally active chromatin structure.
1986,
Pubmed
Rose,
Differentiation-dependent chromatin alterations precede and accompany transcription of immunoglobulin light chain genes.
1984,
Pubmed
Samal,
Chromatin structure of the histone genes of D. melanogaster.
1981,
Pubmed
Santoro,
A family of human CCAAT-box-binding proteins active in transcription and DNA replication: cloning and expression of multiple cDNAs.
1988,
Pubmed
Scheidereit,
Identification and purification of a human lymphoid-specific octamer-binding protein (OTF-2) that activates transcription of an immunoglobulin promoter in vitro.
1987,
Pubmed
Schlissel,
The transcriptional regulation of Xenopus 5s RNA genes in chromatin: the roles of active stable transcription complexes and histone H1.
1984,
Pubmed
Sive,
Interaction of a common factor with conserved promoter and enhancer sequences in histone H2B, immunoglobulin, and U2 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes.
1986,
Pubmed
Spinelli,
Chromatin structure of histone genes in sea urchin sperms and embryos.
1982,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Sures,
Leader sequences of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus histone mRNAs start at a unique heptanucleotide common to all five histone genes.
1980,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Tung,
Sea urchin early and late H4 histone genes bind a specific transcription factor in a stable preinitiation complex.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Villeponteau,
Gamma rays and bleomycin nick DNA and reverse the DNase I sensitivity of beta-globin gene chromatin in vivo.
1987,
Pubmed
Watkins,
Nucleosome rearrangement in vitro. 1. Two phases of salt-induced nucleosome migration in nuclei.
1985,
Pubmed
Weinberg,
Timing and rates of synthesis of early histone mRNA in the embryo of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.
1983,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Weintraub,
A dominant role for DNA secondary structure in forming hypersensitive structures in chromatin.
1983,
Pubmed
Weischet,
Protection of expressed immunoglobulin genes against nuclease cleavage.
1983,
Pubmed
Wells,
Compilation analysis of histones and histone genes.
1986,
Pubmed
Widmer,
Chromatin structure of a hyperactive secretory protein gene (in Balbiani ring 2) of Chironomus.
1984,
Pubmed
Workman,
Efficient solubilization and partial purification of sea urchin histone genes as chromatin.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Workman,
Nucleoprotein hybridization: a method for isolating specific genes as high molecular weight chromatin.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Workman,
Binding of transcription factor TFIID to the major late promoter during in vitro nucleosome assembly potentiates subsequent initiation by RNA polymerase II.
1987,
Pubmed
Workman,
Transcriptional regulation by the immediate early protein of pseudorabies virus during in vitro nucleosome assembly.
1988,
Pubmed
Wu,
The 5' ends of Drosophila heat shock genes in chromatin are hypersensitive to DNase I.
1980,
Pubmed
Wu,
Transient alterations of the chromatin structure of sea urchin early histone genes during embryogenesis.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
