Dev Growth Differ 1980 Jan 01;223:219-227. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-169X.1980.00219.x.

REINSEMINATION OF FERTILIZED SEA URCHIN (ARBACIA PUNCTULATA) EGGS.

Abstract
Embryos of Arbacia punctulata, treated to remove the fertilization membrane and hyaline layer, were mixed with sperm (reinseminated) at 20-30 min (streak stage) and at 70 min (2-cell stage) postinsemination. Sperm, incorporated into embryos reinseminated at the streak stage, metamorphosed into male pronuclei which subsequently migrated to and fused with the zygote nucleus. Although blastomeres were capable of incorporating sperm and forming fertilization cones, less than 10% of the 2-cell stage embryos reinseminated. Sperm, were found entrapped within an amorphous material along the surface of 2-cell stage embryos; many had failed to undergo an acrosome reaction. These results indicate that conditions necessary for incorporation and metamorphosis of sperm nuclei into male pronuclei are present in the embryo after the normal period of fertilization.

PubMed ID: 37282084
Article link: Dev Growth Differ