Click
here to close Hello! We notice that
you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Echinobase
and may cause the site to display incorrectly. We suggest using a
current version of Chrome,
FireFox,
or Safari.
PeerJ
2019 Jan 01;7:e7427. doi: 10.7717/peerj.7427.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Physiological and immunological responses of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus during desiccation and subsequent resubmersion.
Hou S
,
Jin Z
,
Jiang W
,
Chi L
,
Xia B
,
Chen J
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Desiccation is one of the extremely stressful situations experienced by aquatic animals, and sea cucumber usually suffers from desiccation stress during transportation without water. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of desiccation and subsequent resubmersion on physiological stress, oxidative damage, antioxidant status and non-specific immune response of Apostichopus japonicus, providing valuable information on the health management of sea cucumber culturing. Control and desiccation groups were set up, and each group has three replicates. After 1, 3 and 6 h of desiccation, individuals were resubmersed in aerated seawater for a 24 h recovery in three batches, which were represented as D1, D3 and D6, respectively. The results showed that glucose level in coelomic fluid of sea cucumber significantly decreased after desiccation, whereas lactate, cortisol and osmolality showed remarkable ascending trends. Thereafter, all stress parameters gently recovered towards normal levels as control group during 24 h resubmersion. The prolonged desiccation at D6 treatment induced the significant increases of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents, as well as relatively lower superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. During the period of desiccation and subsequent resubmersion, sea cucumber adjusted antioxidant defense to reduce the concentrations of MDA and ROS as a strategy for protecting against oxidative damage. Desiccation also had significant effects on non-specific immune parameters (total coelomocytes counts, TCC; complement C3; total nitric oxide synthase, T-NOS; lysozyme, LSZ; alkaline phosphatase, AKP) of A. japonicus, which could be recovered to some extent during resubmersion. In conclusion, less than 6 h of desiccation did not induce irreparable damage to sea cucumber, and was recommended for handling and shipping live sea cucumbers.
Figure 1. Survival rates of A. japonicus after desiccation.Data are mean ± SD.
Figure 4. Antioxidant enzyme activities (A: superoxide dismutase, SOD; B: catalase, CAT) of A. japonicus during desiccation and subsequent resubmersion.Data are mean ± SD. Different superscript capital letters indicate significant differences between the time points of desiccation (p < 0.05), while different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between the time points of resubmersion (p < 0.05).
Figure 5. Non-specific immune response (A: total coelomocytes counts, TCC; B: phagocytosis; C: complement C3; D: total nitric oxide synthase, T-NOS; E: lysozyme, LSZ; F: alkaline phosphatase, AKP) of A. japonicus after desiccation exposure.Data are mean ± SD. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between the time points of desiccation (p < 0.05).
Afonso,
Reactive oxygen species and superoxide dismutases: role in joint diseases.
2007, Pubmed
Afonso,
Reactive oxygen species and superoxide dismutases: role in joint diseases.
2007,
Pubmed
Boshra,
Recent advances on the complement system of teleost fish.
2006,
Pubmed
Callewaert,
Lysozymes in the animal kingdom.
2010,
Pubmed
Cardinaud,
The impacts of handling and air exposure on immune parameters, gene expression, and susceptibility to vibriosis of European abalone Haliotis tuberculata.
2014,
Pubmed
Chen,
Regulation of growth, intestinal microbiota, non-specific immune response and disease resistance of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) in biofloc systems.
2018,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Chen,
Dietary supplementation of biofloc influences growth performance, physiological stress, antioxidant status and immune response of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka).
2018,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Cicia,
Seasonal variations in the physiological stress response to discrete bouts of aerial exposure in the little skate, Leucoraja erinacea.
2012,
Pubmed
Cooper,
Invertebrate immunity: another viewpoint.
1992,
Pubmed
Del Rio,
A review of recent studies on malondialdehyde as toxic molecule and biological marker of oxidative stress.
2005,
Pubmed
Duan,
Effect of desiccation and resubmersion on the oxidative stress response of the kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus.
2016,
Pubmed
Duan,
Effect of desiccation on oxidative stress and antioxidant response of the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon.
2016,
Pubmed
Esterbauer,
Determination of aldehydic lipid peroxidation products: malonaldehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal.
1990,
Pubmed
Green,
Analysis of nitrate, nitrite, and [15N]nitrate in biological fluids.
1982,
Pubmed
Han,
A comparative study on oxidative stress response in the hepatopancreas and midgut of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under gradual changes to low or high pH environment.
2018,
Pubmed
Hayyan,
Superoxide Ion: Generation and Chemical Implications.
2016,
Pubmed
Hoffmayer,
Seasonal modulation in the secondary stress response of a carcharhinid shark, Rhizoprionodon terraenovae.
2012,
Pubmed
Holm,
Induced cell proliferation in putative haematopoietic tissues of the sea star, Asterias rubens (L.).
2008,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Huo,
Impact of hypoxia stress on the physiological responses of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus: respiration, digestion, immunity and oxidative damage.
2018,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Jiang,
Comparative expression analysis of immune-related factors in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus.
2018,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Lambert,
The physiological stress response of the Atlantic stingray (Hypanus sabinus) to aerial exposure.
2018,
Pubmed
Li,
Toxic effects in juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicas (Selenka) exposure to benzo[a]pyrene.
2016,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Li,
RNA-Seq Analysis of the Antioxidant Status and Immune Response of Portunus trituberculatus Following Aerial Exposure.
2017,
Pubmed
Liang,
Ammonia exposure induces oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in hepatopancreas of pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei).
2016,
Pubmed
Ma,
Effects of tussah immunoreactive substances on growth, immunity, disease resistance against Vibrio splendidus and gut microbiota profile of Apostichopus japonicus.
2017,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Moore,
Measurement of lipid peroxidation.
1998,
Pubmed
Mosca,
Effects of high temperature and exposure to air on mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis, Lmk 1819) hemocyte phagocytosis: modulation of spreading and oxidative response.
2013,
Pubmed
Oliveira,
Hepatopancreas gluconeogenesis during anoxia and post-anoxia recovery in Chasmagnathus granulata crabs maintained on high-protein or carbohydrate-rich diets.
2004,
Pubmed
Oweson,
Effects of manganese and hypoxia on coelomocyte renewal in the echinoderm, Asterias rubens (L.).
2010,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Oyanagui,
Reevaluation of assay methods and establishment of kit for superoxide dismutase activity.
1984,
Pubmed
Pérez-Jiménez,
The effect of hypoxia on intermediary metabolism and oxidative status in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fed on diets supplemented with methionine and white tea.
2012,
Pubmed
Qi,
ROS production in homogenate from the body wall of sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus under UVA irradiation: ESR spin-trapping study.
2016,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Romero,
Effect of aerial exposure on the antioxidant status in the subantarctic stone crab Paralomis granulosa (Decapoda: Anomura).
2007,
Pubmed
Wang,
Effects of dietary cadmium on growth, antioxidants and bioaccumulation of sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) and influence of dietary vitamin C supplementation.
2016,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Wang,
The effect of intermittent hypoxia under different temperature on the immunomodulation in Streptococcus agalactiae vaccinated Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).
2018,
Pubmed
Xu,
The oxidative stress and antioxidant responses of Litopenaeus vannamei to low temperature and air exposure.
2018,
Pubmed
Yu,
Cellular defenses against damage from reactive oxygen species.
1994,
Pubmed
Yu,
Regulation of dietary glutamine on the growth, intestinal function, immunity and antioxidant capacity of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka).
2016,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Zhang,
Effects of l-tryptophan on the growth, intestinal enzyme activities and non-specific immune response of sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus Selenka) exposed to crowding stress.
2018,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Zhao,
Effects of potential probiotic Bacillus subtilis T13 on growth, immunity and disease resistance against Vibrio splendidus infection in juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus.
2012,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Zhao,
Effects of potential probiotic Bacillus cereus EN25 on growth, immunity and disease resistance of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus.
2016,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
