Click
here to close Hello! We notice that
you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Echinobase
and may cause the site to display incorrectly. We suggest using a
current version of Chrome,
FireFox,
or Safari.
J Gen Physiol
1991 Mar 01;973:579-604. doi: 10.1085/jgp.97.3.579.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
A localized zone of increased conductance progresses over the surface of the sea urchin egg during fertilization.
McCulloh DH
,
Chambers EL
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Although activation of a sea urchin egg by sperm leads to three phases of membrane conductance increase in the egg, the mechanism by which the sperm causes these conductance changes is not known. We used the loose patch clamp technique to localize the conductance changes in voltage clamped eggs. A patch of the egg''s membrane was isolated from the bath by pressing the loose patch clamp pipette against the egg surface. Sperm added to the bath attached to the surface of the egg in a region other than at the isolated membrane patch. During phase 1 of the activation current, no changes of the membrane conductance were detected. At the time of, and subsequent to the onset of phase 2, large currents recorded between the interior of the patch pipette and the bath were attributed to changes of the seal resistance between the surface of the egg and the pipette. A local change of membrane conductance was observed during phase 2 despite the changes of seal resistance. During phase 2, the large amplitude and short duration of the local membrane conductance increase relative to the membrane, conductance increase for the whole egg during phase 2 indicated that the conductance increase occurred over the entire surface of the egg, but not simultaneously. The time when the peak conductance for the membrane patch occurred, relative to the time of onset for phase 2 in the whole egg, depended on the distance, measured in a straight line, between the site of sperm attachment and the tip of the pipette. These data indicate that the localized conductance increase progressed over the surface of the egg from the site of sperm attachment to the opposite pole of the egg. It is proposed that the local conductance increase, the cortical reaction, and the change of seal resistance are all evoked by a common cytoplasmic message that progresses throughout the cytoplasm of the egg from the site of sperm attachment to the opposite pole of the egg.
???displayArticle.pubmedLink???
2037840
???displayArticle.pmcLink???PMC2216481 ???displayArticle.link???J Gen Physiol ???displayArticle.grants???[+]
ALLEN,
The time sequence of early events in the fertilization of sea urchin eggs. I. The latent period and the cortical reaction.
1958, Pubmed,
Echinobase
ALLEN,
The time sequence of early events in the fertilization of sea urchin eggs. I. The latent period and the cortical reaction.
1958,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Antakly,
Immunocytochemical localization of glucocorticoid receptor in target cells.
1984,
Pubmed
Busa,
An elevated free cytosolic Ca2+ wave follows fertilization in eggs of the frog, Xenopus laevis.
1985,
Pubmed
Chambers,
Membrane potential, action potential and activation potential of eggs of the sea urchin, Lytechinus variegatus.
1979,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Chambers,
The activation of sea urchin eggs by the divalent ionophores A23187 and X-537A.
1974,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Eisen,
Temporal sequence and spatial distribution of early events of fertilization in single sea urchin eggs.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Eisen,
Source and sinks for the calcium released during fertilization of single sea urchin eggs.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Epel,
Methods for revoval of the vitelline membrane of sea urchin eggs. I. Use of dithiothreitol (Cleland Reagent).
1970,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Fishman,
Patch voltage clamp of squid axon membrane.
1975,
Pubmed
Hafner,
Wave of free calcium at fertilization in the sea urchin egg visualized with fura-2.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Igusa,
Periodic increase of cytoplasmic free calcium in fertilized hamster eggs measured with calcium-sensitive electrodes.
1986,
Pubmed
Jaffe,
Fast block to polyspermy in sea urchin eggs is electrically mediated.
1976,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Jaffe,
Ionic mechanism of the fertilization potential of the marine worm, Urechis caupo (Echiura).
1979,
Pubmed
Jaffe,
Propagating potassium and chloride conductances during activation and fertilization of the egg of the frog, Rana pipiens.
1985,
Pubmed
Kamel,
Phosphatidylinositol metabolism during fertilization in the sea urchin egg.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Kline,
A calcium-activated sodium conductance contributes to the fertilization potential in the egg of the nemertean worm Cerebratulus lacteus.
1986,
Pubmed
Kline,
The wave of activation current in the Xenopus egg.
1985,
Pubmed
Kozuka,
Changes in holding and ion-channel currents during activation of an ascidian egg under voltage clamp.
1982,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Lynn,
Voltage clamp studies of fertilization in sea urchin eggs. I. Effect of clamped membrane potential on sperm entry, activation, and development.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Lynn,
Voltage clamp studies of fertilization in sea urchin eggs. II. Current patterns in relation to sperm entry, nonentry, and activation.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
McCulloh,
Membrane depolarization facilitates sperm entry, large fertilization cone formation, and prolonged current responses in sea urchin oocytes.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Neher,
Voltage clamp on Helix pomatia neuronal membrane; current measurement over a limited area of the soma surface.
1969,
Pubmed
Poenie,
Changes of free calcium levels with stages of the cell division cycle.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
SUGIYAMA,
Physiological analysis of the cortical response of the sea urchin egg.
1956,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Schroeder,
Expressions of the prefertilization polar axis in sea urchin eggs.
1980,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Steinhardt,
Bioelectric responses of the echinoderm egg to fertilization.
1971,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Steinhardt,
Intracellular calcium release at fertilization in the sea urchin egg.
1977,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Swann,
The part played by inositol trisphosphate and calcium in the propagation of the fertilization wave in sea urchin eggs.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Turner,
Fertilization increases the polyphosphoinositide content of sea urchin eggs.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Whitaker,
Evidence in support of the hypothesis of an electrically mediated fast block to polyspermy in sea urchin eggs.
1983,
Pubmed
,
Echinobase
Wilson,
Voltage clamping with a single microelectrode.
1975,
Pubmed
YAMAMOTO,
Physiology of fertilization in fish eggs.
1961,
Pubmed
