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Mar Drugs
2019 Sep 06;179:. doi: 10.3390/md17090523.
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The Distribution of Asterosaponins, Polyhydroxysteroids and Related Glycosides in Different Body Components of the Far Eastern Starfish Lethasterias fusca.
Popov RS
,
Ivanchina NV
,
Kicha AA
,
Malyarenko TV
,
Grebnev BB
,
Stonik VA
,
Dmitrenok PS
.
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Glycoconjugated and other polar steroids of starfish have unique chemical structures and show a broad spectrum of biological activities. However, their biological functions remain not well established. Possible biological roles of these metabolites might be indicated by the studies on their distribution in the organism-producer. In order to investigate the localization of polar steroids in body components of the Far Eastern starfish Lethasterias fusca, chemical constituents of body walls, gonads, stomach, pyloric caeca, and coelomic fluid were studied by nanoflow liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry with captive spray ionization (nLC/CSI-QTOF-MS). It has been shown that the levels of polar steroids in the studied body components are qualitatively and quantitatively different. Generally, the obtained data confirmed earlier made assumptions about the digestive function of polyhydroxysteroids and protective role of asterosaponins. The highest level of polar steroids was found in the stomach. Asterosaponins were found in all body components, the main portion of free polyhydroxysteroids and related glycosides were located in the pyloric caeca. In addition, a great inter-individual variability was found in the content of most polar steroids, which may be associated with the peculiarities in their individual physiologic status.
Figure 1. (a) concentrations of asterosaponins, polyhydroxysteroids, and related glycosides in different organs and coelomic fluid of the starfish L. fusca (μg/g wet weight of the organs for body walls (BW), gonads (G), pyloric caeca (PC) and stomach (S) and μg/mL for coelomic fluid (CF); CF values multiplied 500-fold); (b) ratios of concentrations of asterosaponins, polyhydroxysteroids, and related glycosides in different organs and coelomic fluid of the starfish L. fusca.
Figure 2. Heatmap demonstrating relative content of asterosaponins in different organs of the starfish L. fusca. Each row represents the sum content of asterosaponins with the same aglycone type (AG I–AG XXIII). Color bars represent auto-scaled relative abundances of asterosaponin groups, going from less (blue) to more (red).
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