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Mycol Prog
2019 Jan 01;181:91-105. doi: 10.1007/s11557-018-1427-0.
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Stilbocrea walteri sp. nov., an unusual species of Bionectriaceae.
Voglmayr H
,
Jaklitsch WM
.
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The new species Stilbocrea walteri is described and illustrated from Quercus ilex collected in Portugal. Phylogenetic analyses of LSU rDNA, rpb1, rpb2 and tef1 sequence matrices place S. walteri in the Bionectriaceae, Hypocreales, within a clade of specimens morphologically identified as Stilbocrea macrostoma, the generic type of Stilbocrea. Stilbocrea walteri differs from S. macrostoma in dark olive green to blackish ascomata basally immersed in a stroma, KOH+ and LA+ ascomata and the lack of a stilbella-like asexual morph on natural substrate and pure culture. A simple phialidic asexual morph is formed in pure culture. To enable a morphological comparison, Stilbocrea macrostoma is illustrated.
Fig. 1. Phylogram obtained by PAUP from an analysis of the LSU matrix of selected Hypocreales, showing one of 24 most parsimonious trees 1202 steps long. Stilbocrea walteri is revealed as a species of the Bionectriaceae. GenBank accession numbers of sequences are given following the taxon names. The country of origin is provided for accessions within the Stilbocrea clade. Isolates in bold were sequenced during the present study; thickened internal branches are present in the strict consensus of all 24 MP trees. MP and ML bootstrap support above 50% are given at first and second position, respectively, above or below the branches
Fig. 2. Phylograms revealed by PAUP from MP analyses of the rpb1 (a), rpb2 (b) and tef1 (c) matrices, showing the phylogenetic position of Stilbocrea walteri within Bionectriaceae. a One of two MP trees 2320 steps long; asterisk (*) denoting node that collapsed in the strict consensus of the two MP trees. b Single MP tree 2597 steps long. c Single MP tree 957 steps long. GenBank accession numbers of sequences are given following the taxon names; isolates in bold were sequenced during the present study. MP and ML bootstrap support above 50% are given at first and second position, respectively, above or below the branches
Fig. 3. Stilbocrea walteri, sexual morph (WU 39972). a–f Stromata/ascomata. g–i Stromata in vertical section. j, k Ostiolar region in vertical section. l Ostiole in face view. m Periphyses. n, o Peridium in vertical section. p Peridium in face view. q Stroma tissue in vertical section (f, i, j, l, m, p in 3% KOH; g, h, n, q in water; k, o in LA). Scale barsa 1 mm; b–f 200 μm; g 100 μm; h, i 50 μm; j 20 μm; k–q 10 μm
Fig. 4. Stilbocrea walteri, sexual morph (WU 39972), cultures and asexual morph (NQI = CBS 144627). a–d Asci with ascospores (b–d in 3% KOH). e–n, p–v Ascospores (e–j vital, k–n in LA; p–v in 3% KOH; note verruculose and smooth ascospore walls in water/LA and KOH, respectively). o Detail of verruculose ascospore wall (in LA). w, x Cultures (w MEA, 31 d; x CMD, 20 d). y–g1 Conidiophores, pegs and phialides (y, z, d1 CMD, 4 days; a1–g1 CMD, 20 days). h1 Conidia (CMD, 4 days); i1 Blastoconidia (CMD, 20 days). (all in water except where noted). Scale barsa–d, y–c1 10 μm; e–n, p–v, d1–i1 5 μm; o 1 μm
Fig. 5. Stilbocrea macrostoma (a–d, f, h–j, n, o WU 32032; e, g, k–m, p, q WU 26101). a–d Stromata (b–d showing stilbella-like asexual morph). e Peridium in vertical section. f–h Stroma tissue in vertical section (f below perithecia; g stroma basis; h stroma surface). i Irregularly branched hyphae from stroma surface. j–p Ascospores (j–m in water; note verruculose and smooth ascospore walls in water and KOH, respectively). q ascus with ascospores (in water). (e–q in 3% KOH except where noted). Scale barsa 1 mm; b 500 μm; c, d 200 μm; e 20 μm; f–h, q 10 μm; i–p 5 μm
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