ECB-ART-37010
Dev Biol
1998 Oct 01;2021:1-13. doi: 10.1006/dbio.1998.8981.
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MAP kinase inactivation is required only for G2-M phase transition in early embryogenesis cell cycles of the starfishes Marthasterias glacialis and Astropecten aranciacus.
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Downregulation of MAP kinase is a universal consequence of fertilization in the animal kingdom. Here we show that oocytes of the starfishes Astropecten aranciacus and Marthasterias glacialis complete meiotic maturation and form a pronucleus when treated with 1-methyladenine and then complete DNA replication and arrest at G2 if not fertilized. Release of G2 by fertilization or a variety of parthenogenetic treatments is associated with inactivation of MAP kinase. Prevention of MAP kinase inactivation by microinjection of Ste11-DeltaN, a constitutively active budding yeast MAP kinase kinase kinase, arrests fertilized eggs at G2 in either the first or the second mitotic cell cycle, in a dose-dependent manner. G1 arrest is never observed. Conversely, inactivation of MAP kinase by microinjection of the MAP kinase-specific phosphatase Pyst-1 releases mature starfish oocytes from G2 arrest. The role of MAP kinase in arresting cell cycle at various stages in oocytes of different animal species is discussed.
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Genes referenced: LOC115919910