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Echinobase
ECB-ART-44442
Development 2016 Feb 15;1434:703-14. doi: 10.1242/dev.129312.
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RNA-Seq identifies SPGs as a ventral skeletal patterning cue in sea urchins.

Piacentino ML , Zuch DT , Fishman J , Rose S , Speranza EE , Li C , Yu J , Chung O , Ramachandran J , Ferrell P , Patel V , Reyna A , Hameeduddin H , Chaves J , Hewitt FB , Bardot E , Lee D , Core AB , Hogan JD , Keenan JL , Luo L , Coulombe-Huntington J , Blute TA , Oleinik E , Ibn-Salem J , Poustka AJ , Bradham CA .


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The sea urchin larval skeleton offers a simple model for formation of developmental patterns. The calcium carbonate skeleton is secreted by primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) in response to largely unknown patterning cues expressed by the ectoderm. To discover novel ectodermal cues, we performed an unbiased RNA-Seq-based screen and functionally tested candidates; we thereby identified several novel skeletal patterning cues. Among these, we show that SLC26a2/7 is a ventrally expressed sulfate transporter that promotes a ventral accumulation of sulfated proteoglycans, which is required for ventral PMC positioning and skeletal patterning. We show that the effects of SLC perturbation are mimicked by manipulation of either external sulfate levels or proteoglycan sulfation. These results identify novel skeletal patterning genes and demonstrate that ventral proteoglycan sulfation serves as a positional cue for sea urchin skeletal patterning.

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Genes referenced: LOC100887844 LOC100890044
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