Thao NP et al. (2015), Anti-inflammatory components of the Vietnamese ...

ECB-ART-43868

Biol Res 2015 Feb 20;481:12. doi: 10.1186/s40659-015-0002-2.

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Anti-inflammatory components of the Vietnamese starfish Protoreaster nodosus.

Thao NP , Luyen BT , Koo JE , Kim S , Koh YS , Cuong NX , Nam NH , Van Kiem P , Kim YH , Van Minh C .

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BACKGROUND: In the present study, we examined the inhibitory effects of a methanolic extract, dichloromethane fraction, water layer, and polyhydroxylated sterols (1-4) isolated from the Vietnamese starfish Protoreaster nodosus on pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-12 p40, IL-6, and TNF-α) production in LPS-stimulated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). RESULTS: The methanolic extract and dichloromethane fraction exerted potent inhibitory effects on the production of all three pro-inflammatory cytokines, with IC50 values ranging from 0.60 ± 0.01 to 26.19 ± 0.64 μg/mL. Four highly pure steroid derivatives (1-4) were isolated from the dichloromethane fraction and water layer of P. nodosus. Potent inhibitory activities were also observed for (25S) 5α-cholestane-3β,4β,6α,7α,8β,15α,16β,26-octol (3) on the production of IL-12 p40 and IL-6 (IC50s = 3.11 ± 0.08 and 1.35 ± 0.03 μM), and for (25S) 5α-cholestane-3β,6α,8β,15α,16β,26-hexol (1) and (25S) 5α-cholestane-3β,6α,7α,8β,15α,16β,26-heptol (2) on the production of IL-12 p40 (IC50s = 0.01 ± 0.00 and 1.02 ± 0.01 μM). Moreover, nodososide (4) exhibited moderate inhibitory effects on IL-12 p40 and IL-6 production. CONCLUSION: This is the first report of the anti-inflammatory activity from the starfish P. nodosus. The main finding of this study is the identification oxygenated steroid derivatives from P. nodosus with potent anti-inflammatory activities that may be developed as therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases.

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References [+] :

Aiello, New cytotoxic steroids from the marine sponge Dysidea fragilis coming from the lagoon of Venice. 1995, Pubmed

	Figure 1. The chemical structures of oxygenated derivatives of cholesterol (1–4) from P . nodosus.
	Figure 2. The effect of extract /fractions (1.0, 2.0, 5.0, and 10.0 μg/ mL) on IL- 12 p40 (A), IL- 6 (B), and TNF- α (C) production by LPS -stimulated BMDCs. The data were presented as inhibition rate (%) compared to the value of vehicle-treated DCs. SB203580 was used as a positive control (Pos.).
	Figure 3. The effect of oxygenated derivatives of cholesterol 1 –4 (0.1 to 50.0 μM) on IL- 12 p40 production by LPS- stimulated BMDCs. The data were presented as inhibition rate (%) compared to the value of vehicle-treated DCs. SB203580 was used as a positive control. Comp.: compound.
	Figure 4. The effect of oxygenated derivatives of cholesterol 3 and 4 (1.0 to 50.0 μM) on IL- 6 production by LPS- stimulated BMDCs. The data were presented as inhibition rate (%) compared to the value of vehicle-treated DCs. SB203580 was used as a positive control. Comp.: compound.