Vanegas González MJ and Borrero-Pérez GH (2020), First records and new information on the associ...

ECB-ART-48713

Zookeys 2020 Mar 24;921:1-22. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.921.32802.

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First records and new information on the associations of echinoderms with other phyla in the rocky reefs of northern Chocó, Colombian Pacific.

Vanegas González MJ , Borrero-Pérez GH .

Abstract
Rocky reefs of the northern Colombian Pacific (Chocó) are diverse ecosystems that are poorly studied. Echinoderms are one of the principal groups in these ecosystems with associations to different species, including benthic organisms in which they live and other species that use them as hosts. These relationships include fishes, sponges, seaweeds, cnidarians, polychaetes, bryozoans, crustaceans, mollusks, and other echinoderms. For this area, 22 associations were registered, including commensalism, epibionts and parasitism. This work constitutes the first report for the associations of Eucidaris thouarsii with Suberites aff. ficus, E. thouarsii with Ophiothela mirabilis, and Holothuria (Thymiosicia) impatiens with Encheliophis vermicularis. Associations of Pentaceraster cumingi with Zenopontonia soror, and Ophionereis annulata with Malmgreniella cf. variegata are new records for Colombia. This work also expands the range of hosts previously described for Ophiothela mirabilis and expands the distribution of the association between Diadema mexicanum and Echineulima cf. robusta.

PubMed ID: 32256148
PMC ID: PMC7109145
Article link: Zookeys

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References [+] :

Neira, [Taxonomic composition and distribution of the echinoderms associations in the littoral ecosystems from the Colombian Pacific]. 2005, Pubmed, Echinobase

	Figure 1. A Locations along northern Colombian Pacific (Chocó) where associations of echinoderms with other phyla were collected. Locations names from north to south P.ERO: Piedra de Eroito, FOCA: la foca, P.ROD: Piedra de Rodrigo, MINA: La mina, PARN: Parguera norte, VIUD: la Viuda, CHIC: Chicocora, P.ZAP: Piedra Zapata, P.NOR: Punta norte, MORN: Morromico norte, JURU: Jurubidá, P.ORI: Punta Orión, P.BON: Piedra bonita, PARS: Parguera sur, P.ARU: Punta Arusí, P.JAI: Piedra de Jairo, ROÑO: Roñosa, AMGR: Amargal, COLO: Coló. The line between FOCA and FARO represents the proximity between both stations. B Locations were associations between O. mirabilis and octocorals were registered. Locations names from north to south P.ERO: Piedra de Eroito, FOCA: la foca, P.ROD: Piedra de Rodrigo, MINA: La mina, PARN: Parguera norte, VIUD: la Viuda, CHIC: Chicocora, P.ZAP: Piedra Zapata, P.NOR: Punta norte, MORN: Morromico norte, JURU: Jurubidá, P.ORI: Punta Orión, P.BON: Piedra bonita, PARS: Parguera sur, P.ARU: Punta Arusí, P.JAI: Piedra de Jairo, ROÑO: Roñosa, AMGR: Amargal, COLO: Coló. The lines among several locations represent the proximity between them.
	Figure 2. APentaceraster cumingi aboral view BP. cumingi oral view CZenopontonia soror. The shrimp lost the color after fixing in 96% ethanol. Scale bars: 100 mm (A, B), 2 mm (C).
	Figure 3. Ophiothela mirabilis on different cnidarians ALeptogorgia albaBPacifigorgia rubicundaCP. eximiaDOphiothela mirabilis collected on L. albaEO. mirabilis collected on Pacifigorgia ireneFP. stenobrochisGP. sculptaHP. bayeriI Cnidarian. Scale bars: 2 mm (D, E).
	Figure 4. Malmgreniella cf. variegata (left) and Ophionereis annulata (right). Scale bar: 5 mm.
	Figure 5. Epibionts on Eucidaris thouarsii spines A Bryozoans BSuberites aff. ficusCOphiothela mirabilisD close up to O. mirabilis collected from E. thouarsii spine.
	Figure 6. AEchineulima cf. robustaBDiadema mexicanum (INV EQU4292) with three specimens of Echineulima cf. robusta. Scale bars: 2 mm (A), 4 mm (B).
	Figure 7. AHolothuria impatiens (right) and Encheliophis vermicularis (left) B Close up of E. vermicularis. Scale bars: 8 mm (A), 5 mm (B).