ECB-ART-39855
Mol Biol Cell
2006 Sep 01;179:4093-104. doi: 10.1091/mbc.e06-02-0119.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
A global, myosin light chain kinase-dependent increase in myosin II contractility accompanies the metaphase-anaphase transition in sea urchin eggs.
Lucero A
,
Stack C
,
Bresnick AR
,
Shuster CB
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Myosin II is the force-generating motor for cytokinesis, and although it is accepted that myosin contractility is greatest at the cell equator, the temporal and spatial cues that direct equatorial contractility are not known. Dividing sea urchin eggs were placed under compression to study myosin II-based contractile dynamics, and cells manipulated in this manner underwent an abrupt, global increase in cortical contractility concomitant with the metaphase-anaphase transition, followed by a brief relaxation and the onset of furrowing. Prefurrow cortical contractility both preceded and was independent of astral microtubule elongation, suggesting that the initial activation of myosin II preceded cleavage plane specification. The initial rise in contractility required myosin light chain kinase but not Rho-kinase, but both signaling pathways were required for successful cytokinesis. Last, mobilization of intracellular calcium during metaphase induced a contractile response, suggesting that calcium transients may be partially responsible for the timing of this initial contractile event. Together, these findings suggest that myosin II-based contractility is initiated at the metaphase-anaphase transition by Ca2+-dependent myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) activity and is maintained through cytokinesis by both MLCK- and Rho-dependent signaling. Moreover, the signals that initiate myosin II contractility respond to specific cell cycle transitions independently of the microtubule-dependent cleavage stimulus.
???displayArticle.pubmedLink??? 16837551
???displayArticle.pmcLink??? PMC1593176
???displayArticle.link??? Mol Biol Cell
???displayArticle.grants??? [+]
R25 GM061222 NIGMS NIH HHS , U56 CA096286 NCI NIH HHS , U54 CA132383 NCI NIH HHS , S06 GM008136 NIGMS NIH HHS , GM61222 NIGMS NIH HHS , GM08136 NIGMS NIH HHS
Genes referenced: cep152 LOC100887844 LOC100893746 LOC115919910 LOC576786 LOC581963
References [+] :
Bement,
A microtubule-dependent zone of active RhoA during cleavage plane specification.
2005, Pubmed,
Echinobase
Bement, A microtubule-dependent zone of active RhoA during cleavage plane specification. 2005, Pubmed , Echinobase
Bresnick, Molecular mechanisms of nonmuscle myosin-II regulation. 1999, Pubmed
Burgess, Site selection for the cleavage furrow at cytokinesis. 2005, Pubmed
Burton, Traction forces of cytokinesis measured with optically modified elastic substrata. 1997, Pubmed
Canman, Microtubules suppress actomyosin-based cortical flow in Xenopus oocytes. 1997, Pubmed
Chang, A localized elevation of cytosolic free calcium is associated with cytokinesis in the zebrafish embryo. 1995, Pubmed
Chew, A fluorescent resonant energy transfer-based biosensor reveals transient and regional myosin light chain kinase activation in lamella and cleavage furrows. 2002, Pubmed
Dechant, Centrosome separation and central spindle assembly act in redundant pathways that regulate microtubule density and trigger cleavage furrow formation. 2003, Pubmed
Dulyaninova, Regulation of myosin-IIA assembly and Mts1 binding by heavy chain phosphorylation. 2005, Pubmed
Echard, The degradation of two mitotic cyclins contributes to the timing of cytokinesis. 2003, Pubmed
Echard, Terminal cytokinesis events uncovered after an RNAi screen. 2004, Pubmed
Egelhoff, Dictyostelium myosin heavy chain phosphorylation sites regulate myosin filament assembly and localization in vivo. 1993, Pubmed
Eggert, Parallel chemical genetic and genome-wide RNAi screens identify cytokinesis inhibitors and targets. 2004, Pubmed
Fluck, Slow calcium waves accompany cytokinesis in medaka fish eggs. 1991, Pubmed
Girard, Dynacortin contributes to cortical viscoelasticity and helps define the shape changes of cytokinesis. 2004, Pubmed
Groigno, An anaphase calcium signal controls chromosome disjunction in early sea urchin embryos. 1998, Pubmed , Echinobase
HIRAMOTO, MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SEA URCHIN EGGS. II. CHANGES IN MECHANICAL PROPERTIES FROM FERTILIZATION TO CLEAVAGE. 1963, Pubmed , Echinobase
Hiramoto, Rheological properties of sea urchin eggs. 1970, Pubmed , Echinobase
Hiramoto, Mechanical properties of the cortex before and during cleavage. 1990, Pubmed , Echinobase
Ikebe, Effects of phosphorylation of light chain residues threonine 18 and serine 19 on the properties and conformation of smooth muscle myosin. 1988, Pubmed
Jordan, Myosin light chain-activating phosphorylation sites are required for oogenesis in Drosophila. 1997, Pubmed
Kallenbach, Ultrastructural analysis of the initiation and development of cytasters in sea-urchin eggs. 1985, Pubmed , Echinobase
Kargacin, Peptide modulators of myosin light chain kinase affect smooth muscle cell contraction. 1990, Pubmed
Katoh, Rho-kinase--mediated contraction of isolated stress fibers. 2001, Pubmed
Komatsu, Effects of the regulatory light chain phosphorylation of myosin II on mitosis and cytokinesis of mammalian cells. 2000, Pubmed
Kovács, Mechanism of blebbistatin inhibition of myosin II. 2004, Pubmed
Kuriyama, Cytasters induced within unfertilized sea-urchin eggs. 1983, Pubmed , Echinobase
Larkin, Microtubules are required for completion of cytokinesis in sea urchin eggs. 1999, Pubmed , Echinobase
Li, Mts1 regulates the assembly of nonmuscle myosin-IIA. 2003, Pubmed
Lippincott, Sequential assembly of myosin II, an IQGAP-like protein, and filamentous actin to a ring structure involved in budding yeast cytokinesis. 1998, Pubmed
Matsumura, Role of myosin light chain phosphorylation in the regulation of cytokinesis. 2001, Pubmed
Matsumura, Regulation of myosin II during cytokinesis in higher eukaryotes. 2005, Pubmed
Matzke, Direct, high-resolution measurement of furrow stiffening during division of adherent cells. 2001, Pubmed
Miller, Calcium buffer injections inhibit cytokinesis in Xenopus eggs. 1993, Pubmed
Miyoshi, Temporal change in local forces and total force all over the surface of the sea urchin egg during cytokinesis. 2006, Pubmed , Echinobase
Murakami, Two nonmuscle myosin II heavy chain isoforms expressed in rabbit brains: filament forming properties, the effects of phosphorylation by protein kinase C and casein kinase II, and location of the phosphorylation sites. 1998, Pubmed
Murakami, Two distinct mechanisms for regulation of nonmuscle myosin assembly via the heavy chain: phosphorylation for MIIB and mts 1 binding for MIIA. 2000, Pubmed
Muto, Calcium waves along the cleavage furrows in cleavage-stage Xenopus embryos and its inhibition by heparin. 1996, Pubmed
Naim, Drosophila citron kinase is required for the final steps of cytokinesis. 2004, Pubmed
Ng, Movement of membrane domains and requirement of membrane signaling molecules for cytokinesis. 2005, Pubmed , Echinobase
O'Halloran, Genetically engineered truncated myosin in Dictyostelium: the carboxyl-terminal regulatory domain is not required for the developmental cycle. 1990, Pubmed
Ohtsubo, Regional Difference in Mechanical Properties of the Cell Surface in Dividing Echinoderm Eggs*: (mechanical properties/cell surface/sea urchin eggs/starfish eggs/cleavage). 1985, Pubmed , Echinobase
Oldenbourg, New polarized light microscope with precision universal compensator. 1995, Pubmed
Parry, The schedule of destruction of three mitotic cyclins can dictate the timing of events during exit from mitosis. 2001, Pubmed
Parry, Cyclin B destruction triggers changes in kinetochore behavior essential for successful anaphase. 2003, Pubmed
Piekny, Cytokinesis: welcome to the Rho zone. 2005, Pubmed
Poperechnaya, Localization and activity of myosin light chain kinase isoforms during the cell cycle. 2000, Pubmed
RAPPAPORT, DURATION OF STIMULUS AND LATENT PERIODS PRECEDING FURROW FORMATION IN SAND DOLLAR EGGS. 1965, Pubmed , Echinobase
Rappaport, Duration of division-related events in cleaving sand dollar eggs. 1993, Pubmed , Echinobase
Reichl, The stress and strain of cytokinesis. 2005, Pubmed
Robinson, Dynacortin, a genetic link between equatorial contractility and global shape control discovered by library complementation of a Dictyostelium discoideum cytokinesis mutant. 2000, Pubmed
Robinson, Quantitation of the distribution and flux of myosin-II during cytokinesis. 2002, Pubmed
Rosenblatt, Myosin II-dependent cortical movement is required for centrosome separation and positioning during mitotic spindle assembly. 2004, Pubmed
Sabry, Myosin heavy chain phosphorylation sites regulate myosin localization during cytokinesis in live cells. 1997, Pubmed
Satterwhite, Cytokinesis. 1992, Pubmed
Satterwhite, Phosphorylation of myosin-II regulatory light chain by cyclin-p34cdc2: a mechanism for the timing of cytokinesis. 1992, Pubmed
Saul, Continuous phosphatidylinositol metabolism is required for cleavage of crane fly spermatocytes. 2004, Pubmed
Scholey, Regulation of non-muscle myosin assembly by calmodulin-dependent light chain kinase. 1980, Pubmed
Schroeder, The contractile ring. II. Determining its brief existence, volumetric changes, and vital role in cleaving Arbacia eggs. 1972, Pubmed , Echinobase
Schroeder, The origin of cleavage forces in dividing eggs. A mechanism in two steps. 1981, Pubmed , Echinobase
Schroeder, The contractile ring and furrowing in dividing cells. 1990, Pubmed
Shu, Blebbistatin and blebbistatin-inactivated myosin II inhibit myosin II-independent processes in Dictyostelium. 2005, Pubmed
Shuster, Parameters that specify the timing of cytokinesis. 1999, Pubmed , Echinobase
Shuster, Targeted new membrane addition in the cleavage furrow is a late, separate event in cytokinesis. 2002, Pubmed , Echinobase
Shuster, Transitions regulating the timing of cytokinesis in embryonic cells. 2002, Pubmed , Echinobase
Simerly, Differential expression and functions of cortical myosin IIA and IIB isotypes during meiotic maturation, fertilization, and mitosis in mouse oocytes and embryos. 1998, Pubmed
Skop, Dissection of the mammalian midbody proteome reveals conserved cytokinesis mechanisms. 2004, Pubmed
Sluder, The checkpoint control for anaphase onset does not monitor excess numbers of spindle poles or bipolar spindle symmetry. 1997, Pubmed , Echinobase
Sluder, Using sea urchin gametes for the study of mitosis. 1999, Pubmed , Echinobase
Sluder, Experimental manipulation of the amount of tubulin available for assembly into the spindle of dividing sea urchin eggs. 1976, Pubmed , Echinobase
Sluder, Role of spindle microtubules in the control of cell cycle timing. 1979, Pubmed , Echinobase
Stack, Calcium-responsive contractility during fertilization in sea urchin eggs. 2006, Pubmed , Echinobase
Straight, Dissecting temporal and spatial control of cytokinesis with a myosin II Inhibitor. 2003, Pubmed
Strickland, Induction of cytokinesis is independent of precisely regulated microtubule dynamics. 2005, Pubmed , Echinobase
Totsukawa, Distinct roles of ROCK (Rho-kinase) and MLCK in spatial regulation of MLC phosphorylation for assembly of stress fibers and focal adhesions in 3T3 fibroblasts. 2000, Pubmed
Totsukawa, Distinct roles of MLCK and ROCK in the regulation of membrane protrusions and focal adhesion dynamics during cell migration of fibroblasts. 2004, Pubmed
Usui, Ultrastructural Basis of the Tension Increase in Sea-Urchin Eggs Prior to Cytokinesis: (microfilament/sea-urchin egg/tension). 1982, Pubmed , Echinobase
Wang, The mechanism of cortical ingression during early cytokinesis: thinking beyond the contractile ring hypothesis. 2005, Pubmed
Webb, Localized calcium transients accompany furrow positioning, propagation, and deepening during the early cleavage period of zebrafish embryos. 1997, Pubmed
Wheatley, Midzone microtubule bundles are continuously required for cytokinesis in cultured epithelial cells. 1996, Pubmed
White, On the mechanisms of cytokinesis in animal cells. 1983, Pubmed
Wong, PIP2 hydrolysis and calcium release are required for cytokinesis in Drosophila spermatocytes. 2005, Pubmed
Wong, Dynamics of filamentous actin organization in the sea urchin egg cortex during early cleavage divisions: implications for the mechanism of cytokinesis. 1997, Pubmed , Echinobase
Wu, Spatial and temporal pathway for assembly and constriction of the contractile ring in fission yeast cytokinesis. 2003, Pubmed
Wu, Counting cytokinesis proteins globally and locally in fission yeast. 2005, Pubmed
YONEDA, TENSION AT THE SURFACE OF SEA-URCHIN EGG: A CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF COLE'S EXPERIMENT. 1964, Pubmed , Echinobase
Yoneda, The compression method for determining the surface force. 1986, Pubmed , Echinobase
Yoneda, Tension at the surface of the dividing sea-urchin egg. 1972, Pubmed , Echinobase
Yoneda, PERIODIC CHANGE IN THE TENSION AT THE SURFACE OF ACTIVATED NON-NUCLEATE FRAGMENTS OF SEA-URCHIN EGGS. 1978, Pubmed , Echinobase
Yumura, Transport of myosin II to the equatorial region without its own motor activity in mitotic Dictyostelium cells. 1997, Pubmed
Yumura, Multiple myosin II heavy chain kinases: roles in filament assembly control and proper cytokinesis in Dictyostelium. 2005, Pubmed
Yumura, Myosin II dynamics and cortical flow during contractile ring formation in Dictyostelium cells. 2001, Pubmed
Zang, Myosin II localization during cytokinesis occurs by a mechanism that does not require its motor domain. 1998, Pubmed
Zhang, Balance of actively generated contractile and resistive forces controls cytokinesis dynamics. 2005, Pubmed