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Echinobase
ECB-ART-41116
Dev Biol 2009 Jul 01;3311:26-37. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.04.018.
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Hedgehog signaling patterns mesoderm in the sea urchin.

Walton KD , Warner J , Hertzler PH , McClay DR .


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The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is essential for patterning many structures in vertebrates including the nervous system, chordamesoderm, limb and endodermal organs. In the sea urchin, a basal deuterostome, Hh signaling is shown to participate in organizing the mesoderm. At gastrulation the Hh ligand is expressed by the endoderm downstream of the Brachyury and FoxA transcription factors in the endomesoderm gene regulatory network. The co-receptors Patched (Ptc) and Smoothened (Smo) are expressed by the neighboring skeletogenic and non-skeletogenic mesoderm. Perturbations of Hh, Ptc and Smo cause embryos to develop with skeletal defects and inappropriate non-skeletogenic mesoderm patterning, although initial specification of mesoderm occurs without detectable abnormalities. Perturbations of the pathway caused late defects in skeletogenesis and in the non-skeletogenic mesoderm, including altered numbers of pigment and blastocoelar cells, randomized left-right asymmetry of coelomic pouches, and disorganized circumesophageal muscle causing an inability to swallow. Together the data support the requirement of Hh signaling in patterning each of the mesoderm subtypes in the sea urchin embryo.

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???displayArticle.pmcLink??? PMC2702090
???displayArticle.link??? Dev Biol
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Genes referenced: foxa1 hh LOC100887844 ptch1
???displayArticle.antibodies??? LOC580674 Ab1 msp130 Ab2
???displayArticle.morpholinos??? LOC115918699 MO1 LOC115918699 MO2 hh MO1 hh MO2

References [+] :
Ahlgren, Sonic hedgehog rescues cranial neural crest from cell death induced by ethanol exposure. 2002, Pubmed