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Physiol Rep
2021 Jan 01;92:e14707. doi: 10.14814/phy2.14707.
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17β-estradiol reduces SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro.
Lemes RMR
,
Costa AJ
,
Bartolomeo CS
,
Bassani TB
,
Nishino MS
,
Pereira GJDS
,
Smaili SS
,
Maciel RMB
,
Braconi CT
,
da Cruz EF
,
Ramirez AL
,
Maricatto JT
,
Janini LMR
,
Prado CM
,
Stilhano RS
,
Ureshino RP
.
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The COVID-19 has originated from Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and has been affecting the public health system, society, and economy in an unheard-of manner. There is no specific treatment or vaccine available for COVID-19. Previous data showed that men are more affected than women by COVID-19, then we hypothesized whether sex hormones could be protecting the female organism against the infection. VERO E6 cells have been commonly used as in vitro model for SARS-CoV-2 infection. In our experimental approach, we have treated VERO E6 cells with 17β-estradiol to evaluate the modulation of SARS-CoV-2 infection in this cell line. Here we demonstrated that estrogen protein receptors ERα, ERβ, and GPER1 are expressed by VERO E6 cells and could be used to study the effects of this steroid hormone. Previous and 24-hours post-infection, cells treated with 17β-estradiol revealed a reduction in the viral load. Afterward, we found that SARS-CoV-2 infection per se results in ACE2 and TMPRSS2 increased gene expression in VERO E6-cell, which could be generating a cycle of virus infection in host cells. The estrogen treatment reduces the levels of the TMPRSS2, which are involved with SARS-CoV-2 infectiveness capacity, and hence, reducing the pathogenicity/genesis. These data suggest that estrogen could be a potential therapeutic target promoting cell protection against SARS-CoV-2. This opens new possibilities for further studies on 17β-estradiol in human cell lines infected by SARS-CoV-2 and at least in part, explain why men developed a more severe COVID-19 compared to women.
2006/60402-1 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, 2016/20796-2 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, 2018/06088-0 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, 2019/10922-9 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, 2020/04709-8 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, 2020/06153-7 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, 303035/2018-8 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, 405691/2018-1 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Finance code 001 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, 2019/2021 FAP-FCMSCSP
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