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Mar Drugs
2017 Nov 24;1512:. doi: 10.3390/md15120365.
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Chemical Profiling and Bioactivity of Body Wall Lipids from Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis.
Shikov AN
,
Laakso I
,
Pozharitskaya ON
,
Seppänen-Laakso T
,
Krishtopina AS
,
Makarova MN
,
Vuorela H
,
Makarov V
.
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The lipids from gonads and polyhydroxynaphthoquinone pigments from body walls of sea urchins are intensively studied. However, little is known about the body wall (BW) lipids. Ethanol extract (55 °C) contained about equal amounts of saturated (SaFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) representing 60% of total fatty acids, with myristic, palmitic and eicosenoic acids as major SaFAs and MUFAs, respectively. Non-methylene-interrupted dienes (13%) were composed of eicosadienoic and docosadienoic acids. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) included two main components, n6 arachidonic and n3 eicosapentaenoic acids, even with equal concentrations (15 μg/mg) and a balanced n6/n3 PUFA ratio (0.86). The UPLC-ELSD analysis showed that a great majority of the lipids (80%) in the ethanolic extract were phosphatidylcholine (60 μg/mg) and phosphatidylethanolamine (40 μg/mg), while the proportion of neutral lipids remained lower than 20%. In addition, alkoxyglycerol derivatives-chimyl, selachyl, and batyl alcohols-were quantified. We have assumed that the mechanism of action of body wall lipids in the present study is via the inhibition of MAPK p38, COX-1, and COX-2. Our findings open the prospective to utilize this lipid fraction as a source for the development of drugs with anti-inflammatory activity.
Figure 1. GC-MS analysis of transesterified and trimethylsilylated (TMS) fatty acids from ethanolic extract of BW lipids of sea urchin. Total ion (TIC) and extracted ion chromatogram (m/z 205) shows TMS derivatives of alkylglycerols (AOG; (1) 16:0-AOG, (2) 18:1-AOG, and (3) 18:0-AOG) and sterols (peaks 4–11, TIC): (4–5) unidentified sterols, (6) cholesterol, (7) desmosterol, (8) cholecalciferol as shoulder, (9) campesterol, (10) stigmasterol, and (11) clionasterol. Heptadecanoic acid (as FAME and TMS derivative) was used as internal standard (IS). Other peaks represent FAMEs and TMS ethers.
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