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Mar Drugs
2013 Aug 13;118:2917-26. doi: 10.3390/md11082917.
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Anti-inflammatory components of the starfish Astropecten polyacanthus.
Thao NP
,
Cuong NX
,
Luyen BT
,
Quang TH
,
Hanh TT
,
Kim S
,
Koh YS
,
Nam NH
,
Van Kiem P
,
Van Minh C
,
Kim YH
.
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Inflammation is important in biomedical research, because it plays a key role in inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of arthritis, diabetes, heart disease, irritable bowel syndrome, Alzheimer''s disease, Parkinson''s disease, allergies, asthma, and even cancer. In the present study, we describe the inhibitory effect of crude extracts and steroids isolated from the starfish Astropecten polyacanthus on pro-inflammatory cytokine (Interleukin-12 (IL-12) p40, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). Among those tested, compounds 5 and 7 showed potent inhibitory effects on the production of all three pro-inflammatory cytokines with IC50 values ranging from 1.82 ± 0.11 to 7.00 ± 0.16 μM. Potent inhibitory activities were also observed for compound 1 on the production of IL-12 p40 and IL-6 with values of 3.96 ± 0.12 and 4.07 ± 0.13 μM, respectively, and for compounds 3 and 4 on the production of IL-12 p40 with values of 6.55 ± 0.18 and 5.06 ± 0.16 μM, respectively. Moreover, compounds 2 (IC50 = 34.86 ± 0.31 μM) and 6 (IC50 = 79.05 ± 2.05 μM) exhibited moderate inhibitory effects on the production of IL-12 p40, whereas compounds 3 (IC50 = 22.80 ± 0.21 μM) and 4 (IC50 = 16.73 ± 0.25 μM) moderately inhibited the production of TNF-α and IL-6, respectively.
Figure 1. Structures of steroids 1 to 7 from starfish Astropecten polyacanthus.
Figure 2. Effect of crude extracts (5, 10, 25, 50 μg/mL) on IL-12 p40, IL-6, and TNF-α production by LPS-stimulated BMDCs. The data were presented as inhibition rate (%) compared to the value of vehicle-treated DCs.
Figure 3. Effect of steroids 1 to 7 (1, 2, 5, 10 μM) on IL-12 p40 production by LPS-stimulated BMDCs. The data were presented as inhibition rate (%) compared to the value of vehicle-treated DCs.
Figure 4. Effect of steroids 1 to 7 (1, 2, 5, 10 μM) on IL-6 production by LPS-stimulated BMDCs. The data were presented as inhibition rate (%) compared to the value of vehicle-treated DCs.
Figure 5. Effect of steroids 1 to 7 (1, 2, 5, 10 μM) on TNF-α production by LPS-stimulated BMDCs. The data were presented as inhibition rate (%) compared to the value of vehicle-treated DCs.
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