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Figure 1. Locations of megafaunal surveys during the ABYSSLINE cruises, AB01 and AB02, in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone. (a) The location of the UKSRL exploration contract area (UK-1) in the eastern Pacific Ocean. (b) The locations of the 30x30-km survey areas, UK-1 Stratum A and UK-1 Stratum B, in relation to the UK-1 exploration contract area and the AB01 ROV dive site, EPIRB, which was approximately 250 km east of the UK-1 contract area. (c) The locations of ROV dives within UK-1 Stratum A, indicated by purple tracklines labelled with the dive number (e.g. RV01). Stations where samples were collected with a Brenke epibenthic sled (EB04) and megacorer (MC10) are also indicated. (d) The locations of AUV dives within UK-1 Stratum B, indicated by purple tracklines labelled with the dive number (e.g. AV01). Stations where samples were collected with a Brenke epibenthic sled (EB02), box corer (BC02, BC19) and megacorer (MC17, MC25) are also indicated, as well as where imagery was collected with a baited camera (CA02). All maps were created by Seafloor Investigations Ltd for the ABYSSLINE Project using ArcGIS software (https://www.arcgis.com/features/).
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Figure 2a. cf. Freyella morphospecies attached to dead sponge stalk. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 2b. cf. Freyella morphospecies attached to dead sponge stalk. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 2c. cf. Freyella morphospecies attached to a live sponge. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 2d. cf. Freyella morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 3a. Freyastera
cf.
benthophila in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 3b. Freyastera
cf.
benthophila attached to a polymetallic nodule on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 3c. Freyastera
cf.
benthophila attached to dead stalk regenerating sixth arm. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 3d. Tentacle of Freyastera
cf.
benthophila only partly recovered. Scale bar is 2 cm. Image attribution: AG Glover, TD Dahlgren & H Wiklund, Natural History Museum, London & Uni Research.
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Figure 4. cf. Paxillosida morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 5. cf. Paxillosida morphospecies 2 in situ on seafloor in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 6. cf. Paxillosida morphospecies 3 observed in situ on sponge on seafloor in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 7a. cf. Porcellanasteridae morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 7b. cf. Porcellanasteridae morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 8a. cf. Porcellanaster morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 8b. cf. Porcellanaster morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 9. Porcellanaster
ceruleus after collection from the UK-1 exploration contract area. Aboral view on left and oral view on right. Image corresponds with the data above. Image attribution: AG Glover, TD Dahlgren & H Wiklund, Natural History Museum, London & Uni Research.
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Figure 10a. Aboral view of Styracaster
paucispinus after collection. The pink dots on the specimen are parasites. Scale bar is 1 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon and CR Smith.
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Figure 10b. Oral view of Styracaster
paucispinus after collection. Scale bar is 1 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon and CR Smith.
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Figure 11a. cf. Pterasteridae morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 11b. cf. Pterasteridae morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 12. cf. Pterasteridae morphospecies 2 observed in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 13. cf. Hymenaster morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 14a. Side view of cf. Hymenaster morphospecies 2 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 14b. Aboral view of cf. Hymenaster morphospecies 2 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 15a. cf. Comatulida morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 15b. cf. Comatulida morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 16a. cf. Comatulida morphospecies 2 in situ on seafloor. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 16b. cf. Comatulida morphospecies 2 in situ on seafloor. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 17a. Bathycrinus
cf.
equatorialis in situ on seafloor. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 17b. Bathycrinus
cf.
equatorialis in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 18. cf. Hyocrinidae morphospecies in situ on seafloor in the eastern CCZ. Image corresponds with the data above. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 19a. Hyocrinus
cf.
foelli in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 19b. Hyocrinus
cf.
foelli in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 20a. cf. Echinoidea morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 20b. cf. Echinoidea morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 21. cf. Echinoidea morphospecies 2 in situ on seafloor in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 22a. cf. Aspidodiadematidae morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 22b. cf. Aspidodiadematidae morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 23. cf. Holasteroida morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 24a. cf. Holasteroida morphospecies 2 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 24b. cf. Holasteroida morphospecies 2 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 25. cf. Cystocrepis morphospecies in situ on seafloor in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 26a. cf. Echinocrepis morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 26b. cf. Echinocrepis morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 26c. cf. Echinocrepis morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 27. cf. Urechinidae morphospecies in situ on seafloor in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 28a. Aceste
ovata in situ on seafloor. Image attribution: DJ Amon and CR Smith.
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Figure 28b. Aboral view of Aceste
ovata after collection. Scale bar is 1 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon and CR Smith.
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Figure 28c. Oral view of Aceste
ovata after collection. Scale bar is 1 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon and CR Smith.
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Figure 29a. cf. Mesothuria morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 29b. cf. Mesothuria morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 30a. cf. Synallactidae morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 30b. cf. Synallactidae morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 30c. cf. Synallactidae morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 31. cf. Synallactidae morphospecies 2 in situ on seafloor in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 32a. cf. Molpadiodemas morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 32b. cf. Molpadiodemas morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 32c. cf. Molpadiodemas morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 32d. cf. Molpadiodemas morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 33. Two cf. Paroriza morphospecies specimens (likely male and female) in situ on seafloor in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 34a. cf. Pseudostichopus morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 34b. cf. Pseudostichopus morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 34c. cf. Pseudostichopus morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 35a. cf. Synallactes morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 35b. cf. Synallactes morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 35c. cf. Synallactes morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 36a. cf. Synallactes morphospecies 2 in situ on seafloor. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 36b. cf. Synallactes morphospecies 2 in situ on seafloor. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 37a. cf. Synallactes morphospecies 3 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 37b. cf. Synallactes morphospecies 3 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 38a. cf. Deimatidae morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 38b. cf. Deimatidae morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 5 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 39. cf. Deimatidae morphospecies 2 observed in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 40a. Deima
cf.
validum in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 40b. Deima
cf.
validum in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 41a. cf. Oneirophanta morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 41b. cf. Oneirophanta morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 42. cf. Elpidiidae morphospecies 1 observed in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 43. cf. Elpidiidae morphospecies 2 in situ on seafloor in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 44a. cf. Amperima morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 44b. cf. Amperima morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 45. cf. Peniagone morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 46a. cf. Peniagone morphospecies 2 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 46b. cf. Peniagone morphospecies 2 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 47. Peniagone
cf.
leander in situ on seafloor in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 48. cf. Laetmogonidae morphospecies in situ on seafloor in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 49a. Psychronaetes
cf.
hanseni in situ on seafloor. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 49b. Psychronaetes
cf.
hanseni in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 50. cf. Enypniastes morphospecies observed in situ on seafloor the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Image attribution: A Leitner and J Drazen, University of Hawai'i.
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Figure 51a. cf. Psychropotidae morphospecies (young specimen) in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 51b. cf. Psychropotidae morphospecies (young specimen) in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 52a. cf. Benthodytes morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 52b. cf. Benthodytes morphospecies 1 in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 53. cf. Benthodytes morphospecies 2 (young specimen) in situ on seafloor in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 54a. Benthodytes
cf.
incerta in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 54b. Benthodytes
cf.
incerta in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 54c. Benthodytes
cf.
incerta in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 55a. Benthodytes
cf.
typica in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 55b. Benthodytes
cf.
typica in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
|
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Figure 55c. Benthodytes
cf.
typica in situ on seafloor. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 55d. Benthodytes
cf.
typica after collection. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: AG Glover, TD Dahlgren & H Wiklund, Natural History Museum, London & Uni Research.
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Figure 56a. Psychropotes
semperiana in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 56b. Psychropotes
cf.
semperiana in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 56c. Psychropotes
cf.
semperiana in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 56d. Psychropotes
cf.
semperiana in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 57. Psychropotes
cf.
verrucosa in situ on seafloor in the UK-1 exploration contract area. Image corresponds with the data above. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 58a. cf. Ophiuroidea morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 58b. cf. Ophiuroidea morphospecies (left) and an unidentified ophiuroid (right) in situ on seafloor. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 58c. cf. Ophiuroidea morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Image attribution: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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Figure 59a. Amphioplus (Unioplus) daleus after collection. Scale bar is 1 cm. Image attribution: AG Glover, TD Dahlgren & H Wiklund, Natural History Museum, London & Uni Research.
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Figure 59b. Amphioplus (Unioplus) daleus after collection. Image attribution: AG Glover, TD Dahlgren & H Wiklund, Natural History Museum, London & Uni Research.
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Figure 60a. cf. Ophiacantha morphospecies in situ attached to a dead sponge stalk. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 60b. cf. Ophiacantha morphospecies in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 10 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 61a. Ophiosphalma
cf.
glabrum after collection. Scale bar is 2 cm. Image attribution: AG Glover, TD Dahlgren & H Wiklund, Natural History Museum, London & Uni Research.
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Figure 61b. Ophiosphalma
cf.
glabrum after collection. Scale bar is 2 cm. Image attribution: AG Glover, TD Dahlgren & H Wiklund, Natural History Museum, London & Uni Research.
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Figure 61c. Ophiosphalma
cf.
glabrum in situ on seafloor. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 62. Ophiotholia morphospecies after collection from the UKSRL exploration contract area. Scale bar is 1 cm. Image attribution: C Harding, Museums Victoria.
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Figure 63a. Ophiotypa
cf.
simplex in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 2 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 63b. Ophiotypa
cf.
simplex in situ on seafloor. Scale bar is 2 cm. Image attribution: DJ Amon & CR Smith, University of Hawaiâi.
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Figure 63c. Aboral view of Ophiotypa
simplex after collection. Scale bar is 1 mm. Image attribution: C Harding, Museums Victoria.
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Figure 63d. Oral view of Ophiotypa
simplex after collection. Scale bar is 1 mm. Image attribution: C Harding, Museums Victoria.
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