Song Z et al. (2020), Consumers' attention on identification, nutriti...

ECB-ART-49449

Food Sci Nutr 2020 Nov 01;811:5962-5975. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.1882.

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Consumers' attention on identification, nutritional compounds, and safety in heavy metals of Canadian sea cucumber in Chinese food market.

Song Z , Li H , Wen J , Zeng Y , Ye X , Zhao W , Xu T , Xu N , Zhang D .

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Based on the consumers' attention issues of sea cucumbers, we aimed to complete comprehensive information of commercial Canadian sea cucumbers (CCSC), which sprang up extensively in Chinese food market. RESULTS: CCSC were identified as Cucumaria frondosa and characterized based on the characteristics, nutritional compositions, and heavy metals. The abdomen and five internal tendons of Cucumaria frondosa were special orange. The average of soaking degree and water content, which consumers paid great attention to, was 2.8 ± 0.3 and 0.46 ± 0.09%, respectively. Proteins (56.4 ± 9.1%) and polysaccharides (12.2 ± 14.7%) were the principal nutrient component. In addition, there was a variety of free amino acids, in which arginine (70.1 ± 50.0 mg/100 g), glutamate (42.6 ± 23.9 mg/100 g), and alanine (32.2 ± 21.0 mg/100 g) were the main components. Phosphorus (P, 0.26 ± 0.05%), magnesium (Mg, 0.19 ± 0.07%), and kalium (K, 0.17 ± 0.08%) were the major mineral elements. Amount of heavy metal was within the safety limitation (5.5 ± 1.4 mg/kg). Furthermore, the active ingredients were positively correlated with size. CONCLUSION: The overall findings enriched the information of Cucumaria frondosa for consumers and suggested that the quality of Cucumaria frondosa was varied following commercial classification and size.

PubMed ID: 33282248
PMC ID: PMC7684582
Article link: Food Sci Nutr

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References [+] :

Aminin, Immunomodulatory properties of frondoside A, a major triterpene glycoside from the North Atlantic commercially harvested sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa. 2008, Pubmed, Echinobase

	FIGURE 1. Microscopic characters of commercial Canadian sea cucumbers
	FIGURE 2. The majority distribution in North Atlantic Ocean of Cucumaria frondosa. The map was from www.google.cn/maps
	FIGURE 3. Characteristics of sea cucumber from Canada (a. overall; b. body wall and tube foot after soaking; c. inner wall and rib after soaking; d. cross‐section after soaking.)
	FIGURE 4. Powder characteristics of Canadian sea cucumber
	FIGURE 5. The content of protein (a), polysaccharide (c), saponin (e) from different commercial Cucumaria frondosa and content of protein (b), polysaccharide (d), saponin (f) from different size of Cucumaria frondosa
	FIGURE 6. The content of amino acid (a), major mineral elements (c) and heavy metal (e) from different commercial Cucumaria frondosa and content of amino acid (b), major mineral elements (d) and heavy metal (f) of different size. The content of column was the coordinate axis on the left, and line diagram was the right
	FIGURE 7. The average content of active ingredients in different commercial Cucumaria frondosa